Glaziou edited While_there_are_some_nationwide__.tex  over 8 years ago

Commit id: 14c82864fbc999ac870f0b9ecf44879ab24988dc

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While there are some nationwide surveys that have quantified the amount of under-reporting of cases diagnosed in the health sector outside the network of the NTPs\cite{20487611}\cite{17156496}hest\cite{18346285}, NTPs\cite{20487611}\cite{17156496}\cite{18346285},  none have produced precise enough age-disaggregated results. Small-scale, convenient-sampled studies in some settings indicate that under-reporting of childhood tuberculosis is very high\cite{21985569}\cite{Coghlan2015-xn} but extrapolation to nationally representative, regional and global settings is not yet possible. This shortcoming is currently being addressed through the plans for implementation of national scale surveys in high priority countries in Asia to measure under-reporting of tuberculosis in children\cite{noauthor_2014-gv}. Producing estimates of TB incidence among children is challenging primarily due to the lack of well performing diagnostics to confirm childhood TB and the lack of age-specific, nationwide, robust survey and surveillance data. However, progress is being made, based on collaborations established in 2013 between WHO and academic groups working on the estimation of TB disease burden among children, as well as recommendations from a global consultation on methods to estimate TB disease burden held earlier in 2015. As a result, methods to estimate TB incidence were updated for this report compared with those used to produce estimates published in 2013 and 2014. The updated methods involve use of a statistical ensemble approach in which results from two independent methods are combined with the original WHO approach that featured in the 2012 Global TB Report.