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Jenna M. Lang edited Results.md
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#Results
and Discussion
##Taxonomic ##Overall taxonomic diversity of ISS surfaces
and comparison to previous study
Include percentages After filtering chimeric and eukaryotic sequences from the data, the number of sequences per surface sampled ranged from 26,221 - 76,656. Open-reference clustering at 97% similarity resulted in 12,554 OTUs (OTU is a proxy for microbial "species".) This exceeds the number of species observed by Venkateswaran at al 2014, which is not surprising, given the increased sampling depth in this study (~1 million versus ~ 50,000 high-quality sequences.) Our study also observed 3 notable, qualitative differences from the Venkateswaran at al 2014. First, in their study, more than 90% of
Corneybacterium, all sequences were assigned to 4 bacterial genera (Corneybacterium, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, and
Streptococcus. Streptococcus), while in our study, they comprised only 24% of the data (9.6%, 0.05%, 10.7%, and 3.6%, respectively). Second, they found no evidence of Archaea in their samples, even when interrogating with Archaeal-specific primers, but we did find evidence for a very low-abundance archaeal presence (2335 sequences, from 3 archaeal phyla). Finally, despite the fact that they were able to culture many spore-forming organisms from their samples, they observed no sequence data from spore-forming organisms. However, we found a large percentage of sequences from spore-forming organisms (20.9% Bacilli and 9.6% Clostridia) in our data. These differences are most likely due to differences in PCR primers, DNA extraction method, and sequencing depth.
And Archaea The 19 most abundant Families found in our study, comprising 93.8% of the data (Figure PieChart), are predominately human-associated organisms, commonly found on skin .
##Comparison to 454 study
In their study, no spore-forming organisms (or is it just Bacilli?) were found in the sequence data, but they were able to culture many from their sample. More than 90 percent of their reads came from 4 genera:
For us, these are the percentages (in the filtered biom table, open reference):
Total: 1042478
Class Bacilli: 217414 (20.9%)
Class Clostridia: 99634 (9.6%)
Corneybacterium: 99599 (9.6%)
Propionibacterium: 511 (.05%)
Staphylococcus: 111184 (10.7%)
Streptococcus: 37492 (3.6%)