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srodney updated framing of KN,.Ia,LBV,RN
almost 8 years ago
Commit id: 5f183a303447dc2cafc1551dfbe4c5bcd0787fa5
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...
nicknamed ``Spock''. Both transient episodes were faster and fainter
than any of the broad class of supernova-like transients. They both
rose to a peak absolute optical/ultraviolet luminosity of $M\sim-14$
mag ($10^{41}$
ergs/sec) erg s$^{-1}$) in only
$\sim$3 $\lessim$5 rest-frame days, and
then faded away below detectability in roughly the same amount of
time. These events appeared in two adjacent arcs of a strongly lensed
galaxy that is multiply-imaged into at least 3 distinct images by the
gravitational potential of the galaxy cluster \MACS0416 (z=0.396).
Using
four five independent lens models of this cluster, we find it is
entirely plausible that the two events are {\it spatially} coincident
on the source plane, but very unlikely that they were also {\it
temporally} coincident. We
evaluate several physical models for compare these
events, events to existing
categories of astrophysical transients and find that
none of them can
readily account for all characteristics of the
least disfavored explanation is that
we have observed two distinct outbursts \spock events. The
light curves could be plausibly explained as optical/UV emission from
a neutron star merger (a kilonova), a white dwarf He shell explosion
(a .Ia supernova), eruptive episodes from a
single extraordinary
recurrent luminous blue variable
(LBV), or H explosions from an extremely luminous nova.
Among these,
the nova model is the least disfavored, as it allows for a rapid
recurrence period with little or no intervening variability. This
model would imply that the \spock system has the fastest known
recurrence timescale of any nova (3 to 5
months).
Furthermore, if our estimate for the gravitational lensing
magnification is correct, then months) and that \spock is
about 2 orders of magnitude more luminous than an average nova. This
then suggests that the \spock system's primary star is a white dwarf
very close to the Chandrasekhar mass limit, and that it is drawing
mass from the secondary star at an extremely efficient rate
($>10^{-7}$ \Msun yr$^{-1}$), making it a
plausible potential Type Ia Supernova
progenitor candidate. We conclude with suggestions for
lens modeling
efforts and observational tests that could help to clarify the nature
of this unusual transient.
\end{abstract}