Michael Morag edited Experimental Setup.tex  almost 10 years ago

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\section{Experimental Setup}  \par The schematic for the experimental setup is shown in figure 1. Our setup uses a 635 nm laser as the light source, which is attenuated to 1.6 by a combination of neutral density filters in order to prevent over saturation. The light is then projected onto a 100 $\mu$m pinhole, generating a high quality uniform wavefront. To create a collimated beam, a 75 mm converging lens is placed one focal length after the pinhole, generating a 1.5 mm beam spot. To eliminate higher order lobes, an iris is placed after the converging lens to only allow the central disk of the beam. After a creating a collimated plane wave, it is illuminated onto the sample, which generates a diffraction pattern. A rotating stage, seen in figure 2, was installed in order to be able to rotate our sample in and take mulitple images at various measurable angles. A 300 mm objective lens is placed after the sample to focus the image onto the Charged Coupled Device detector. The objective lens also increases the optical distance of the image, allowing us to acquire a far-field diffraction pattern within the size limitations of our workspace. The detector is connected to a computer where we will use built in software to control the device. A light image and a dark image will be are  taken so that contamination from the device can be subtracted from the final image. \\ \vspace  \par In order to acquire a satisfactory image, and due to requirements of the Matlab program, an a high  oversampling ratio of 30 is preferred. was required.  Calculating an over sampling ratio is not difficult, however in the experimental setup used, a lens is placed between the sample and the detector, which complicates the calculations. Instead,we plan to measure  the oversampling ratio was measured  after taking the image and finding the distance between each peak, which is correlated to the oversampling ratio. We will adjust With  the distance between setup used,  the detector, oversampling ratio came out to be \textasciitilde 20 along  the second converging lens, x-axis  and 15 along  the sample in order to acquire an adequate image. y-axis.  All of this will be executed in darkness to prevent external saturation and great care will be images were  taken to eliminate other sources in the dark, limiting the exposure  of ambient  light such as that from computer monitors. onto the detector.  The sample that we are using is used was  a \textit{C. elegans} larvae larvae,  which is was  approximately 1 mm in size. It is transparent to the naked eye which should lead to interesting diffraction patterns that will hopefully allow us to observe its insides. The sample will be placed inside cover glass to keep it in place.