Adrian Matei renamed introduction.tex to introduction1.tex  about 10 years ago

Commit id: e9586b0e58523ceb6b10b3add1ef2f446f6ef408

deletions | additions      

         

\section{Introduction}   Bubbles mediate turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface. Aerosol fluxes have an intimate dependency on bubbles surfacing and, by bursting, releasing carriers into the atmospheric boundary layer. By having knowledge of whitecapping variability can improve the calculation of aerosol fluxes between ocean and atmosphere \cite{WOOLF_2005}, therefore one should consider whitecaps as a primary source for aerosol production. In order to have a proper correlation between aerosol production and whitecaps, one should introduce the concept of whitecap fraction or coverage. The whitecap size area measures the magnitude of turbulence injected by the atmosphere into the ocean. Recent whitecap coverage studies show the roles that wave development, wave-wave interaction, wave-current interaction and wind history (the cause of swells) play in influencing the variations of whitecap coverage in addition to wind speed \cite{n_Piazzola_Forget_Despiau_2007}, \cite{ri_Ohga_Yoshioka_Serizawa_2007}, \cite{Callaghan_Deane_Stokes_2008}. In this sense, whitecaps strongly relate to energy dissipation of waves, the least known process of wave evolution \cite{jn-Murphy_Woolf_Callaghan_2011}. There is a direct source for surface foam generation, a phenomenon which wasn't observed on the open ocean accurate enough, namely bubble subsurface dynamics in relation with whitecap dynamics. These bubbles organize in bubble plumes, which feed foam at the sea surface. Bubble plumes variability is crucial in assesing other indirect sources for whitecap generation, but which are primary sources. In this category are included wind speed at sea surface, wave frequency spectrum and wave amplitude, which can all describe the rate of wave energy dissipation. In this research, we correlate the rate of wave energy dissipation, by considering the parameters just mentioned, with bubble plumes dynamics. This study should be an intrusive insight on having a complete picture of the causes that influence the variability of whitecaps, which has a direct effect on aerosol production. In the next section some details on the work done to realize the observations and data collecting in a high winds regime. By going right to the direct source and analyzing the dynamics of bubble plumes will help us understand with deep accuracy the mechanisms that drive whitecap variability. It has already been proven that considering whitecap fraction as function of wind speed only is not enough for our current understanding. That is why the details in the physics of wave energy dissipation will give us a much clearer view on the sensitiviy in the variations of whitecap fractions.