Klaus edited Results1.tex  about 8 years ago

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\begin{equation}  FPN = \frac{N_{max} - N_{min}}{N_{mean}} \times 100\%,  \end{equation}  where $N_{max}$, $N_{min}$, and $N_{mean}$ are the maximum, minimum and average number of counts in the 5$\times$5 array of subpixel positions, respectively. For minimum FPN, this number should be as low as possible. The EBCCD photon events are asymmetric due to CCD read-out (ref RSI paper). Unlike the photon events on an image intensifier screen which can imaged at high magnification for detailed analysis (ref), the EBCCD events only cover very few pixels, and a more detailed analysis of the EBCCD photon event shape was therefore not undertaken.  Several of ThunderSTORM's centroiding algorithms were tested to find an algorithm that leads to a minimum amount of FPN (see Table~\ref{table:results}). The distributions of centroid positions for the USAF test chart data set are shown in Fig~\ref{fig_pixelimages}. They are obtained by overlaying the centroid positions of all pixels, divided into a 13$\times$13 grid. Maximum likelihood (ML) fitting with a Gaussian PSF produces the most uniform distribution of localised positions (Fig~\ref{fig_pixelimages}a-c), as well as the finding the highest number of photons (see Table~\ref{table:results}). As reported previously,\cite{Hirvonen2014_rsi} the horizontal widening of the photon events, most likely caused by the CCD read-out, causes a bias in the centroided positions and photon events are more likely to be found towards the right edge of the pixel. Other methods produce results with a similar distribution of centroid positions but with higher FPN and lower photon count (an example of a weighted LS fit with an integrated Gaussian PSF is shown in Fig~\ref{fig_pixelimages}d), with the exception of the radial symmetry method, which changes the bias to the vertical direction (Fig~\ref{fig_pixelimages}e).