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Additional information on CBIT effectiveness was recently provided. \citet{25988365} dug into the data from 2 previously reported, pivotal, randomized controlled CBIT studies that together enrolled over 200 children and adults. The superior treatment benefit from CBIT, compared to a control therapy, could be attributed to differential improvement in only a few types of tics, including throat clearing, sniffing, and complex tics. In general, vocal tics were more likely to improve following CBIT treatment suggesting that the controlled breathing used as a competing response for vocal tics may have provided allowed patients to direct attention away from the associated premonitory urges in a way that muscle tensing competing responses for motor tics did not. This report also extends previous information about premonitory phenomena; only about 40-60% of patients reported a premonitory urge for specific tic types (e.g., blinking, sniffing).  "Living with Tics" is a modularized cognitive-behavioral treatment focused on decreasing tic-related impairment and improving quality of life. This treatment program was recently tested in a randomized, waitlist control study, with the active intervention including up to 10 weekly sessions for children and adolescents \citep{25500348}. Treatment modules focused on a variety of themes including self-esteem, emotion regulation, parent training, cognitive restructuring, coping at school, overcoming tic-related avoidance, and 1 or 2 sessions of habit-reversal training. Active treatment led to improved child-rated quality of life and reduced blinded clinician-rated tic impairment compared to the waitlist control group. An additional 7 waitlisted youth then participated in the treatment program resulting in data on 19 participants for open-trial analyses. With the larger sample size the reductions in tic severity (i.e., 30%), anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and parent-rated impairment were significant. Both the youth and their parents reported satisfaction with the intervention, which is intervention and serves as  a reminder that improving quality of life can be a desired treatment goal. A small, uncontrolled open trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment was provided to 18 individuals who were at least 16 years old \citep{25149879}. Treatment consisted of eight weekly two-hour group classes and one four hour retreat. Participants were taught a tic-specific meditation exercise that involved noticing any urges to tic while maintaining a focus on one's breathing rather than trying to change or eliminate the urge to tic. Only one subject dropped out and overall tic severity was decreased by 20% for participants who completed the program. An independent evaluator rated ten subjects as much improved" or "very much improved" and these subjects were considered treatment responders. The gains for treatment responders the fifteen participants, who had not had medication changes,  were maintained at a one month follow-up visit suggesting that improvements reflected more than just the waxing and waning pattern commonly associated with tic severity. An open-label trial of psychotherapy using a cognitive psychophysiological model of tic behavior was conducted with 102 adults who had TS or chronic tic disorder \citep{26250742}. Ten weeks of individual psychotherapy involved a variety number  of components including increasing awareness of tics, tic awareness; improving  muscle discrimination, decreasing control; preventing excessive  muscle tension and tension; decreasing  an overactive style of action, action style;  identifying low and high risk activities in terms of tic probability, probability and  highlighting the differences in behaviors, thoughts and feelings, and feelings related to differences in tic probability;  decreasing perfectionistic beliefs linked to tension tension;  and relapse prevention. These psychotherapy components were chosen because ofthat group's  prior research suggesting that some TS subjects patients with tics  have perfectionist beliefs when they plan actions and this leads to an impulsive overactive style resulting in frustration, tension and tics. Large effect sizes were seen for both treatment groups (TS, CTD) patient group  compared to the waiting list controls: control group:  65% of the chronic tic disorder group and 74% of the TS group had reductions of more than 35% on the Tourette Syndrome Global Scale. YGTSS Total scores were also sigificantly decreased for both patient groups.  At the end of treatment 78 of 85 completers were rated as having no more than mild symptoms, regardless of the starting severity, while the other 7 were considered to have moderate symptoms. Large effect sizes were seen whether tics were simple or complex, and similar results were seen for various tic locations (eyes, face, head, neck and shoulder, trunk and abdomen, or phonic). \citet{26022060} examined the effects of this psychotherapy approach on event-related potentials and lateralized readiness potentials (LRPs). EEGs were recorded for 20 TS subjects and 20 control subjects matched for age, sex and intelligence, while performing a stimulus-response compatibility inhibition task. During the No-Go condition, the TS group exhibited a delayed and overactivated frontal late positive component. The authors interpreted this result as evidence that this frontal activation may be an adaptive mechanism that allows patients to perform similarly to the control subjects in terms of their behavioral performances. TS subjects exhibited delayed stimulus-locked LRP (sLRP) onset. TS subjects also displayed larger response-locked LRP (rLRP) peak amplitudes, which are associated with the execution of the motor program for the correct response. The authors suggest that the larger amplitudes may reflect overactivation of the premotor and motor cortex in TS patients. Although sLRP onset and rLRP peak normalized after psychotherapy, the larger sLRP amplitude did not. Given the high rate of OCD comorbidity among TS patients, it is encouraging that more research is examining similarities and differences between OCD patients with and without tics. Tic status was evaluated using the YGTSS in a psychotherapeutic study of 124 children and adolescents with OCD who had shown a partial response to a serotonin reuptake inhibitor \citep{26126872}. Tics were identified in 53% of the study participants, but these subjects did not differ significantly from tic-free participants in terms of age, sex, family history, or OCD impairment or severity. The high rate of tics in this sample is partially explained by the inclusion of subjects with tics for less than one year. Cognitive-behavioral therapy resulted in similar OCD symptom improvement in both groups. In another study, 12 children and adolescents with tics whose OCD symptoms had not improved after 14 weeks of cognitive-behavioral therapy received either 16 weeks of sertraline treatment or 10 additional sessions of CBT \citep{26091197}. Externalizing disorders were more common in the tic patients (50%) than in the non-tic patients (5.3%), while internalizing disorders were more common in the non-tic patients. The tic patients showed more improvement when switched to sertraline rather than additional CBT, while the non-tic patients showed similar improvement with either treatment. The authors suggested that the dopaminergic action of sertraline might have helped the OCD patients with tics; alternatively one might conclude simply that pediatric OCD patients with tics respond differently to treatment than do those without tics.