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2015 saw several practical advances in the psychotherapeutic treatments available for tics. [TicHelper.com](http://www.tichelper.com/) is a commercial adaptation of Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) to the Internet, discussed at the [London congress in 2015](http://www.webcitation.org/6gWlBTYcC) \citep{Himle:TicHelper:London}. It is potentially an important treatment option, especially for the many TS patients who do not live near a behavior therapist. Efficacy testing is ongoing (see [the trial summary at ClinicalTrials.gov](https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02413216)).   Additional information on CBIT effectiveness was recently provided. \citet{25988365} dug into the data from 2 previously reported, pivotal, randomized controlled CBIT studies that together enrolled over 200 children and adults. When specific tics were examined across all subjects, the The  superior treatment benefit from CBIT, compared to a control therapy, could be attributed to differential improvement in only a few types of tics, including throat clearing clearing, sniffing,  and complex tics. However, In general, vocal  ticsthat actually bothered people, most of which involved a premonitory urge,  were more likely to respond preferentially to improve following  CBIT than to treatment suggesting that  the control therapy. This result is not unexpected, since CBIT focuses first on bothersome tics, and preferably those preceded by controlled breathing used as  a competing response for vocal tics may have provided allowed patients to direct attention away from the associated  premonitory urge. urges in a way that muscle tensing competing responses for motor tics did not.  This report also extends previous information about premonitory phenomena; only  about 40-60% of patientswith any specific tic  reported a premonitory urge for that tic. specific tic types (e.g., blinking, sniffing).  "Living with Tics" is a modularized cognitive-behavioral treatment focused on decreasing tic-related impairment and improving quality of life. This treatment program was recently tested in a randomized, waitlist control study, with the active intervention including up to 10 weekly sessions for children and adolescents \citep{25500348}. Treatment modules focused on a variety of themes including self-esteem, emotion regulation, parent training, cognitive restructuring, coping at school, overcoming tic-related avoidance, and 1 or 2 sessions of habit-reversal training. Active treatment led to improved self-rated child-rated  quality of life and reduced (blinded) blinded  clinician-rated tic  impairmentof social, family or school/work function  compared to the waitlist control group. An additional 7 waitlisted youth then participated in the treatment program resulting in data on 19 participants for open-trial analyses. With the larger sample size the reduction reductions  in tic severity (i.e., 30%) and 30%), anxiety,  obsessive-compulsive symptoms was symptoms, and parent-rated impairment were  significant. Both the youth and their parents reported satisfaction with the intervention, which is a reminder that improving quality of life can be a desired treatment goal. A small, uncontrolled open trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment  was provided to 18 individuals who were at least 16 years old \citep{25149879}. Treatment consisted of 8 eight  weekly 2-hour two-hour  group classes and one four hour retreat. Participants were taught a tic-specific meditation exercise that involved noticing any urges to tic while maintaining a focus on one's breathing rather than trying to change or eliminate the urge to tic. Only one subject dropped out and overall tic severity was decreased by 20% forthe  participants who completed the program. Ten subjects were An independent evaluator  rated ten subjects  as "much much  improved" or "very much improved" and thus these subjects were  considered treatment responders. The gains forthe  treatment responders were maintained at a one month follow-up visit suggesting that improvements reflected more than just the waxing and waning pattern commonly associated with tic severity. An open-label trial of psychotherapy using a cognitive psychophysiological model of tic behavior was conducted with 102 adults who had TS or chronic tic disorder \citep{26250742}. Ten weeks of individual psychotherapy involved a variety of components including increasing awareness of tics, muscle discrimination, decreasing muscle tension and an overactive style of action, identifying low and high risk activities in terms of tic probability, highlighting the differences in behaviors, thoughts and feelings, and decreasing perfectionistic beliefs linked to tension and relapse prevention. These psychotherapy components were chosen because of that group's prior research suggesting that some TS subjects have perfectionist beliefs when they plan actions and this leads to an impulsive overactive style resulting in frustration, tension and tics. Large effect sizes were seen for both treatment groups (TS, CTD) compared to the waiting list controls: 65% of the chronic tic disorder group and 74% of the TS group had reductions of more than 35% on the Tourette Syndrome Global Scale. At the end of treatment 78 of 85 completers were rated as having no more than mild symptoms, regardless of the starting severity, while the other 7 were considered to have moderate symptoms. Large effect sizes were seen whether tics were simple or complex, and similar results were seen for various tic locations (eyes, face, head, neck and shoulder, trunk and abdomen, or phonic). \citet{26022060} examined the effects of this psychotherapy approach on event-related potentials and lateralized readiness potentials (LRPs). EEGs were recorded for 20 TS subjects and 20 control subjects matched for age, sex and intelligence, while performing a stimulus-response compatibility inhibition task. During the No-Go condition, the TS group exhibited a delayed and overactivated frontal late positive component. The authors interpreted this result as evidence that this frontal activation may be an adaptive mechanism that allows patients to perform similarly to the control subjects in terms of their behavioral performances. TS subjects exhibited delayed stimulus-locked LRP (sLRP) onset. TS subjects also displayed larger response-locked LRP (rLRP) peak amplitudes, which are associated with the execution of the motor program for the correct response. The authors suggest that the larger amplitudes may reflect overactivation of the premotor and motor cortex in TS patients. Although sLRP onset and rLRP peak normalized after psychotherapy, the larger sLRP amplitude did not.