Cheryl Richards edited Phenomenology.md  about 8 years ago

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Clinical features associated with an early onset in chronic tic disorders \citep{26596364} | "Early-onset TS was significantly associated with an increased rate of stuttering and other speech disfluencies as well as an increased rate of oppositional defiant disorder, symptoms that often appear before age 4. Early-onset TS was also linked to maternal transmission of tics." However, in this sample tics starting before age 4 did not predict severity or comorbid ADHD or OCD. |  A retrospective review of 1,000,000 people in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database examined the association between epilepsy with TS> 1062 children and adolescents with TS were identified. A group of 3186 without TS but matched on age and sex was used as a control group.The TS group had an 18-fold increased risk of epilepsy compared to the control group and even after adjusting for comorbidities (i.e., bipolar disorder, depression, learning difficulties, autism, anxiety disorder, sleep disorder), the risk of epilepsy was still 16-fold. Although the authors raise the issue that some tics may have been mistaken for seizures, they also suggest that TS children be followed closely for the development of epilepsy.  Attention and tic suppression in TS \citep{25486384} | – |     | **Title** | **Comment** |