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One study examined home videos recorded in the first 6 months of life from 34 children who were exhibiting autistic behaviors in their second year of life \citep{26246137}. Families reported that development during the first year of life had been normal. Videos of 18 boys were examined in detail. The primary focus of the study was on autism, though 11 of the 18 subjects were later diagnosed with TS. The nearly ubiquitous availability of home baby videos in some cultures suggests that a similar pseudo-prospective study design could be used to identify behavioral features predicting later development of TS.  The clinical characteristics of children who developed TS before the age of 4 were compared with those who were older than 6 whose tics developed  at tic onset age 6 or older  \citep{26596364}. The younger group had a higher rate of speech dysfluencies (e.g., (_e.g._,  stuttering) and oppositional defiant disorder. There was no difference between the two groups in prevalence of ADHD or obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Interestingly, the children in the early-onset group were more likely to have mothers with tics. The authors suggested that attributed this to  mothers with tics will be being  more likely to recognizethat the children have  ticsresulting  in tics being diagnosed when children are younger. their children.  The authors also suggest that prenatal or perinatal maternal  environmental factors may contribute to the development of tics in their children. tics.  An alternative explanation may be related relate  to the fact that TS is much less common in girls than in boys. Consequently, tics in a woman may represent a higher genetic load, resulting in a more severe form of tics and an earlier age of onset in her children.Researchers re-evaluated 75 patients previously seen at a University-based TS clinic, with a mean follow-up of 9 years \citep{25193042}. This study found that reported TS impairment was more likely to decrease over time in males and increase in females. In addition, women were more likely than men to have an expansion in adulthood in terms of the number of body regions exhibiting tics. This expansion in women was primarily in the upper extremities. This result suggests that gender continues to influence TS symptoms beyond adolescence.  Researchers re-evaluated 75 patients previously seen at a University-based TS clinic after a mean follow-up of 9 years \citep{25193042}. Reported TS impairment was more likely to decrease over time in males and increase in females. In addition, women were more likely than men to have an expansion in adulthood of the number of body regions exhibiting tics, primarily in the upper extremities. This result suggests that sex continues to influence TS symptoms beyond adolescence.