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Background \textbf{Background}  A meta-analysis is an array statistical techniques that aggregates data from multiple studies in a systematic review to a higher statistical power instead of relying on a single study which may have results which are biased. These meta-analyses contrast and combine studies to help identify patterns, disagreements, and possible sources of bias (Greenland 2008). When multiple studies are combined in a systematic review it is only natural that there will be differences between the studies (location of testing, drug doses, dosing schedules, follow-up, ethnicity of participants, etc.). These variables, which can be classified as clinical diversity (varying participants, interventions, and outcomes studied) and methodological diversity (varying study design and risk of bias), are known as heterogeneity and is present in all systematic reviews (Gagnier 2013). If significant heterogeneity is present, a meta-analysis should not be conducted due to misleading results (O’Rourke 1989). 
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