Pol Grasland-Mongrain edited The_two_regimes_have.tex  over 8 years ago

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The To determine if the thermoelastic or the ablative regime is dominant, we can look at the displacements patterns, which is different between the  two regimespresent different displacements patterns  \cite{Davies_1993}. Aspreviously described,  the thermoelastic regime acts mainly  as local dipolar forces parallel to the surface. Thus, surface,  the medium stretches locally parallel to the surface, resulting two strong opposite displacements along Y axis (parallel to the surface) and a weak displacement \textit{outside} the medium along Z axis (normal to the surface). In the ablative regime, the point force in the medium displaces strongly the surface \textit{inside} the medium along Z axis, with weak displacements along Y axis. Initial displacement along Z axis, as seen at $t$=0.8 ms in Figure \ref{Figure2}, is inside the medium along Z axis, and axis; moreover,  the displacement along Y axis (approx. 1.5 $\mu$m) is quite smaller than the one along Z axis (approx. 3 $\mu$m): main occurring dominant  phenomenon is probablyan ablative regime.  This ablative regime can be simulated by calculating  thedisplacement created by a force positive then negative over a disk of 5 mm in diameter and 100 $\mu$m in depth, as shown on Figure \ref{Figure3} which represents displacement maps along Y and Z axis 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 ms after force application. It was calculated in a three-dimensional simulation with spatial steps of 10 $\mu$m and temporal steps of 50 $\mu$s using Green operator \cite{aki1980quantitative} with a medium density $\rho$ of 1000 kg.m$^{-3}$, a compression wave speed of 1500 m.s$^{-1}$ and a shear wave speed of 4 m.s$^{-1}$. The displacement maps present many similarities with the experimental results of the Figure \ref{Figure2}, which support the conclusion of an  ablative regime.This conclusion is confirmed by the observation of a disk of paler color of the same size as the beam diameter at the impact location of the laser on the phantom, which could correspond to a vaporization of a fraction of the material.% From equation \ref{eq:eqTemperature}, with the laser characteristics and an initial temperature $T_0$ of 25 $^o$C, $T$ is higher than 50 $^o$C, approximate phantom melting temperature, over \textcolor{red}{XXX} $\mu$.  This affirmation is confirmed by the observation of a disk of paler color of the same size as the beam diameter at the impact location of the laser on the phantom, which could correspond to a vaporization of a fraction of the material.  The ablative regime can be simulated by calculating the displacement created by a force positive then negative over a disk of 5 mm in diameter and 100 $\mu$m in depth, as shown on Figure \ref{Figure3} which represents displacement maps along Y and Z axis 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 ms after force application. It was calculated in a three-dimensional simulation with spatial steps of 10 $\mu$m and temporal steps of 50 $\mu$s using Green operator \cite{aki1980quantitative} with a medium density $\rho$ of 1000 kg.m$^{-3}$, a compression wave speed of 1500 m.s$^{-1}$ and a shear wave speed of 4 m.s$^{-1}$. The displacement maps present many similarities with the experimental results of the Figure \ref{Figure2}, which support the conclusion of an ablative regime.