Pol Grasland-Mongrain edited Simu disp maps.tex  over 8 years ago

Commit id: 32bc3158c3726925fa76f3b83fdeb0e0c1d55999

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% This physical phenomenon was then modeled numerically. The thermal dilatation was simulated by calculating the displacement created by two opposite forces decreasing linearly from 2.5 to 0 mm (respectively -2.5 to 0 mm), with a depth of 100 $\mu$m. Propagation as a shear wave was calculated using Green operator \cite{aki1980quantitative}, using a medium density $\rho$ of 1000 kg.m$^{-3}$, a compression wave speed of 1500 m.s$^{-1}$ and a shear wave speed of 4 m.s$^{-1}$. Results are shown on Figure \ref{Figure3} which represents displacement maps along Y and Z axis 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 ms after force application. The displacement maps present many similarities with the experimental results of the Figure \ref{Figure2}.    If enough energy is deposited, the local increase of temperature could also vaporize a part of the surface of the medium \cite{scruby1990laser}. Substituting the high Using an  energy of 200 mJ in equation \ref{eq:eqChaleurApprox}, with same  experimental parameters to equation \ref{eq:eqChaleurApprox} ($\gamma^{-1} \approx$ 50 $\mu$m$^{-1}$, $S$ = 20 mm$^{2}$, $E$ = 0.2 J, $\rho \approx$ 1000 kg.m$^{-3}$, $C \approx$ 4180 J.kg$^{-1}$.K$^{-1}$) lead to as before, we find  a maximum increase of temperature of 60 K, which is close to the vaporization point of our medium, that we could approximate in a first hypothesis as 373K (water vaporization temperature). However, Besides the uncertainty of some values,  it has been demonstrated that the presence of small particles like the graphite particles in our medium acts as nucleation sites for vaporization, which facilitate the vaporization of the medium at lower temperature opto\cite{Alimpiev_1995}: the calculated increase of temperature energy  can in reality be sufficient to get an ablative regime. The vaporization was modeled as a point force directed along Z direction with a depth of 50 $\mu$m and increasing linearly from -2.5 to 0 mm and decreasing symmetrically from 0 to 2.5 mm, to simulate an approximate Gaussian shape. Propagation as a shear wave was calculated using Green operators $G_y$ and $G_z$ as calculated by Aki Richards \cite{aki1980quantitative}:  \begin{equation}