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Pol Grasland-Mongrain edited Physical model.tex
over 8 years ago
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I(z)=(1-R) I_0 \exp(- \gamma z)
\label{eq:expontentialDecay}
\end{equation}
where $R$ is the reflection coefficient of the material (supposed negligible on a black mat material as the one used here) and $\gamma$ the absorption coefficient of the medium. The absorption coefficient $\gamma$ can be estimated
in two ways: by measuring the fraction of light going through
different thickness of the medium or by calculating the skin depth
$\delta = \frac{2}{\gamma}$ (the $\delta$:
\begin{equation}
\gamma=\frac{2}{\delta}=2(\pi \sigma \mu_r \mu_0 \nu)^{\frac{1}{2}}
\label{eq:skinDepth}
\end{equation}
where $\sigma$ is the electrical conductivity of the medium, $\mu_r \mu_0$ its permeability, $\nu$ the frequency of the radiation and factor 2 is due
to the
fact that relation of $\delta$
is related to with magnitude of the electrical field while $\gamma$ is related to the magnitude of the optical energy,
which is equal to the square of the electrical field
magnitude). Skin depth $\delta$ is equal to $(\pi \sigma \mu_r \mu_0 \nu)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$, where $\sigma$ is the electrical conductivity of the medium, $\mu_r \mu_0$ its permeability and $\nu$ the frequency of the radiation. magnitude. Substituting $\sigma \approx$ 0.1 S.m$^{-1}$, $\mu_r \mu_0$ = 4 $\pi \times
10^{-7} H.m^{-1}$ 10^{-7}$ H.m$^{-1}$ and $\nu$ = 3 10$^8$ / 532 10$^{-9}$ = 5.6 10$^{14}$ Hz, the skin depth for our medium is about 70 $\mu$m: it means that about 63\% of the radiation energy is absorbed in the first 70 micrometers of the sample. We have validated experimentally this value by measuring the fraction of light which go through different thicknesses of the medium (respectively 0, 30, 50 and 100 $\mu$m) with a laser beam power measurement device (QE50LP-S-MB-D0 energy detector, Gentec, Qu\'ebec, QC, Canada). We found respective transmitted powers of 100\%, 88\%, 71\% and 57\%, as illustrated in the Figure \ref{figAbsorpExp}. An exponential fit indicated that $\gamma^{-1} \approx$ 50 $\mu m$ in our sample.