Ashley Campbell edited Results & Discussion.tex  almost 10 years ago

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We did not observe consistent C utilization at the phylum level although both xylose and cellulose utilization were observed across 7 phyla each revealing a high diversity of bacteria able to utilize these substrates. The high taxonomic diversity may enable substrate metabolism under a broad range of environmental conditions \cite{Goldfarb_2011}. Other studies of microbial communities have observed a positive correlation with taxonomic or phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity \cite{Fierer_2012,Fierer_2013,Philippot_2010,Tringe_2005,Gilbert_2010,Bryant_2012}. A study on pre-agricultural prairie soils observed a decrease in functional capabilities of soil microbial communities with decreasing taxonomic diversity suggesting they do not exhibit a high degree of functional redundancy \cite{Fierer_2013}. The data presented here supports that specific functional attributes can be shared among diverse, yet distinct, taxa while closely related taxa may have very different physiologies \cite{Fierer_2012,Philippot_2010}. This information adds to the growing collection of data suggesting that community membership is important to biogeochemical processes. Furthermore, demonstrates a need to examine substrate utilization by discrete microbial taxa within whole community studies, versus culture isolation, to better understand how specific community members function within the whole. The sensitivity of SIP-NGS provides a means to elucidate substrate utilization by discrete microbial taxa with the hope that we can begin to construct a belowground C food web.     Degradative succession refers to the temporal changes in species or functional guilds that occurs during the sequential degradation of constituents of a nutrient resource \cite{townsend2003essentials,Bastian_2009}. The decomposition of a nutrient source is hypothesized to promote succession of active community members as compounds are sequentially degraded \cite{Biddanda_1988}.