Chuck results edits  almost 9 years ago

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total C in the soil. The cellulose-C (0.88 mg C g$^{-1}$ soil d.w.) and  xylose-C (0.42 mg C g$^{-1}$ soil d.w.) in the amendment comprised 6\% and 3\%  of the total C in the soil, respectively. The soil microbial community respired  65\% of the xylose within one day (Figure S1) (Figure~\ref{fig:setup})  and 29\% of the added xylose remained in the soil at day 30 (Figure S1). (Figure~\ref{fig:setup}).  In contrast, cellulose-C declined at a constant rate of approximately 18 $\mu$g C d $^{-1}$ g $^{-1}$ soil d.w. and 40\% of added cellulose-C remained in the soil at day 30 (Figure S1). day~30 (Figure~\ref{fig:setup}).  \subsection{Soil microcosm microbial community changes with time}  % Fakesubsubsection:Changes in the soil microcosm microbial community structure 

annotated as \textit{Paenibacillus}, had a strong signal of $^{13}$C  assimilation from $^{13}$C-xylose into DNA at day 1 coinciding with its maximum  relative abundance in non-fractionated DNA. The relative abundance of "OTU.57"  declined until day 14 and did not appear to be $^{13}$C labeled after day  1 (Figure X). day~1  (Figure~\ref{fig:example}).  On day 3, \textit{Bacteroidetes} OTUs comprised 63\% of xylose responders (Figure~\ref{fig:xyl_count}) and these OTUs were closely related to cultured representatives of the \textit{Flavobacteriales} and \textit{Sphingobacteriales} (Table~\ref{tab:xyl}). For example, ``OTU.14'', annotated as a Flavobacterium, had a strong signal for $^{13}$C labeling in the  $^{13}$C-xylose treatment at days 1 and 3 coinciding with its maximum relative  abundance in non-fractionated DNA. The relative abundance of ``OTU.14'' then  declined until day 14 and did not show evidence of $^{13}$C labeling beyond  day~3 (Figure X). (Figure~\ref{fig:example}).  Finally, on day~7, \textit{Actinobacteria} OTUs represented 53\% of the xylose responders and these OTUs were closely related to cultured representatives of \textit{Micrococcales} (Table~\ref{tab:xyl}). For example, ``OTU.4'', annotated as \textit{Agromyces}, had signal of $^{13}$C labeling in the $^{13}$C-xylose treatment on days 1, 3 and 7 with the strongest evidence of $^{13}$C labeling at day~7 and did not appear $^{13}$C labeled at days~14 and~30. ``OTU.4'' relative abundance in non-fractionated DNA increased until day~3 and then declined gradually until day~30 (Figure X). (Figure\ref{fig:example}).  \textit{Proteobacteria} were also common among xylose responders at day~7 where they comprised 40\% of xylose responder OTUs. Notably, \textit{Proteobacteria} represented the majority (6 of 8) of OTUs that responded to both cellulose and xylose. %Fakesubsubsection:Cellulose responders were  The phylogenetic composition of cellulose responders did not change with time 

\textit{Verrucomicrobia} cellulose responders fell within unidentified  \textit{Spartobacteria} clades, and these shared $<$ 85\% SSU rRNA gene  sequence identity to any characterized isolate. The \textit{Spartobacteria} OTU  ``OTU.2192'' exemplified many cellulose responders (Figure X). (Figure~\ref{:fig:example}).  ``OTU.2192'' gradually increased in non-fractionated DNA relative abundance with time and evidence for $^{13}$C labeling of ``OTU.2192'' in the $^{13}$C-cellulose treatment increased gradually over time with the strongest evidence at days~14 and~30 (Figure X). (Figure\ref{fig:example}).  \textit{Choloflexi} cellulose responders predominantly belonged to an unidentified clade within the \textit{Herpetosiphonales} and they shared $<$ 89\% SSU rRNA gene sequence identity to any characterized isolate. Characteristic of \textit{Chloroflexi} cellulose responders, "OTU.64" increased in relative abundance over 30 days and evidence for $^{13}$C labeling of ``OTU.64'' in the $^{13}$C-cellulose treatment peaked days 14 and  30 (Figure X). and~30 (Figure~\ref{fig:example}).  Cellulose responders found within the \textit{Bacteroidetes} fell within the \textit{Cytophagales} contrasting with \textit{Bacteroidetes} xylose responders that fell instead within the \textit{Flavobacteria} or \textit{Sphingobacteriales}. \textit{Bacteroidetes} cellulose responders  included one OTU that shared 100\% SSU rRNA gene sequence identity to species  of \textit{Sporocytophaga}, a genus that includes known cellulose degraders.