Liisa Hirvonen edited Method.tex  over 8 years ago

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\subsection{Reagents}  ***This subsection needs to be rewritten checked  (+Eylea)*** Ranibizumab was purchased from Novartis (Frimley, UK) (Lucentis 10mg/mL) and bevacizumab from Roche (Welwyn Garden City, UK) (Avastin 25mg/mL). All other reagents were of the highest available purity and were either from Sigma (Poole, UK), VWR (Lutterworth, UK), or Merck (Hoddesdon, UK) unless otherwise specified.  \subsection{Sample preparation}  ***This subsection needs to be rewritten checked  (+Eylea).*** Ranibizumab and bevacizumab solutions were twice dialysed against phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4 (PBS) using D-Tube Midi Dialyzer units from Novagen (6-8kD cut-off). Subsequently, the purity of the dialyzed proteins was checked by standard SDS-PAGE. The proteins were then conjugated to the fluorophore Bis(2,2′-bipyridine)-4′-methyl-4-carboxybipyridine-ruthenium bis(hexafluorophosphate) (synonym, N-succinimidyl ester-Ru(bpy)2(mcbpy-O-Su-ester)(PF6)2)(Sigma-Aldrich) by using a succinimidyl ester-modified fluorophore with a short linker (Invitrogen, F6130). Conjugation reactions were performed in PBS adjusted with bicine buffer to pH 8.6 at 2mg/mL protein concentration with the activated fluorophore ester being used in excess. The reaction was stopped after two hours and conjugated proteins were separated from remaining free dye by size exclusion chromatography (7kD cut-off; Thermo Fisher). Using this method we generated ranibizumab conjugated to dye with a dye:protein ratio of 1.1:1 and bevacizumab with a dye:protein ratio of 1.7:1. Azide (2.0mM) was added to all fluorophore-conjugated drugs to protect them from microbial deterioration.