Alyssa Goodman edited results_interviews.tex  over 10 years ago

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The Virtual Observatory was established with a grant from the National Science Foundation in 2001, entitled "Building the Framework for the National Virtual Observatory." (See \url {http://virtualobservatory.org/whatis/history.aspx} for a history of the Virtual Observatory.) The grant essentially implemented a vision for sharing astronomy data online put forward in a \textit{Science} article about "The WorldWide Telescope" by Szalay and Gray in 2001. \cite {2001Sci...293.2037S}. In 2010, NASA and NSF reached a cooperative agreement to fund and maintain a "Virtual Astronomical Observatory," implementing the research done under the 2001 "Framework" grant as a working online "Observatory." In 2012, NSF announced plans (now being implemented) to de-fund its (80\%) share of the US VAO. Opinions on why and how this happened are beyond the scope of this paper. We only comment here that the VAO may have been a bit too early in assuming that all astronomers were going to appreciate its mission. What is important for our purposes is to point out that even the most robust and important infrastructure-related efforts of the VAO, like the VO "Registry" essential for tools to find data, are not at all secure from funding cuts--and this can put doubt in the minds of astronomers thinking about doing extra work to share their data.  In 2008, Microsoft Research released a free software package named "WorldWide Telescope" (WWT), in honor of Szalay and Gray's 2001 vision. Today, WWT, which uses a large amount of infrastructure established under the NVO and VAO grants, and connects to many services developed outside the US (under the "International Virtual Observatory Alliance" standards) is probably the best US-origin  implementation of the Virtual Observatory vision. The combination of tools offered by the Centre de DonnĂ©es astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS; \url {http://cds.u-strasbg.fr}) also offer excellent access to VO services.  Many data sets from NASA and other large survey providers are available within WWT, WWT and CDS tools,  and astronomers can offer their own data in WWT these  frameworks as well, but uptake is still slower than one might imagine. An example of a medium-size survey being (COMPLETE; see \url {http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/COMPLETE/data_html_pages/data.html})being  served at a group "tilde" research group's  web site using an HTML5 WWT client is at \url {http://www.worldwidetelescope.org/complete/wwtcoveragetool5.htm}. A summary of WWT the  usage and functionality of WWT in research and education  is offered in \citet {2012ASPC..461..267G}. \subsubsection{Data citation}