Alfredo A. Correa edited Recently_from_a_phenomenological_point__.tex  over 8 years ago

Commit id: 5226298d6017a218401a377f48acbcdbe4d83225

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Using a single formula with fewer parameters Haque \emph{et al.} \cite{Haque_2015} have reported proton stopping power with encouraging results.  \textsc{Srim} \cite{Ziegler_2010} provides both fitted model for electronic stopping as well as a large set of experimental points, at low velocities both experiment and the fitted models becomes more scarce.   The development of time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) \cite{Runge_1984} enhanced the study of many body problems and in particular the problem at hand.   It has enjoyed much consideration owing to its electron dynamics both self-consistency and non-perturbative way \cite{Kohn_1965} and allowed for an atomistic \emph{ab initio} perspective.  Alternative time dependent tight-binding have been proposed as well to overcome size limitations \cite{Mason_2012}.  In studying the role of ion-solid interactions in $\mathrm{H^+ + Al}$, Correa \emph{et al.} \cite{Correa_2012} have shown that the electronic excitations due to molecular dynamics (MD) are quite different from the adiabatic outcome.   Even today the inclusion of non-adiabatic effects in a real calculation poses a challenging problem.   Recently Schleife \emph{et al.} \cite{Schleife_2015} have calculated the electronic stopping $(S_\text{e}$ by $\mathrm{H}$ and $\mathrm{He}$ projectile including non-adiabatic interactions and found that off-channeling trajectories along with the inclusion of semicore electrons enhance $S_\text{e}$ resulting better agreement with the experiment.   In this case we concentrate in a metal with a richer electronic band structure around the Fermi energy.