Chuck Pepe-Ranney edited Introduction.tex  almost 10 years ago

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\section{Introduction}  Biofilms are diverse and complex microbial consortia that are the rule rather than the exception for microbial lifestyle in many environments. Large and small-scale architectural features of biofilms play an important role in their ecology and influence their role in ecosystem level biogeochemical cycles \cite{17170748}. While fluid mechanics have been shown to be important drivers of biofilm structure \cite{19571890, 14647381} (Besemer et al. 2009, Battin et al. 2003), 14647381},  it is less clear how resources and other abiotic factors affect biofilms. Biofilms are initiated with seed propagules that originate within the planktonic community \cite{hoedl_2011, 22120588} (Hoedl et al. 2011, McDougald et al. 2012). 22120588}.  Thus how resource amendments influence planktonic communities should influence the formation of microbial biofilms. In a crude sense, biofilm and planktonic microbial communities can be broken into two key groups: phototrophic eukaryotes (hereafter algae) and heterotrophic bacteria and archaea. This dichotomy, while somewhat artificial, has been shown to be a powerful paradigm for understanding community shifts across ecosystems of varying trophic state (Cotner and Biddanda 2002). \cite{Cotner_2002}.  Heterotrophic bacteria meet some to all of their organic C requirements from algal produced C while simultaneously competing with algae for limiting nutrients such as P. The presence of external C inputs, such as terrigenous carbon leaching from the watershed (Jansson et al. 2008, Karlsson et al. 2012) or C exudates derived from macrophytes (Stets and Cotner 2008a and 2008b), can alleviate bacterioplankton reliance on algal derived carbon and shift the relationship from commensal and competitive to strictly competitive (Figure 1, Stets et al. 2008a). Under this mechanism increased carbon supply should increase the resource space available to the bacteria and lead to increased competition for P decreasing P available for algal biosynthesis – assuming that bacteria are superior competitors for P as has been observed (Cotner and Wetzel 1992, Figure 1). These dynamics should result in the increase in bacterial biomass relative to the algal biomass along a gradient of increasing labile carbon inputs.