Ed Hall edited Results.tex  almost 10 years ago

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\subsection {Bulk community characteristics} We first assessed the effect of the resource subsidies on the dissolved chemistry and bulk community characteristics of the plankton and the biofilms. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels in the control and lowest C:P treatment (10) remained below 2 $\mu$moles C L-1 throughout the course of the experiment. Altered resource C:P in the higher two C treatments resulted in changes in the DOC concentration of the water column. In the intermediate treatment (C:P 100) DOC increased on the second day and then returned to the same level as the lower two treatments for the remainder of the experiment. In the high carbon (C:P 500) treatment DOC levels climbed gradually from baseline levels on the second day of the experiment to ca. 4 $\mu$moles L-1 on the sixth day of the experiment.   This increase in DOC in the higher C:P treatment was associated with decreases in planktonic Chl \textit{a} in each mesocosm (Figure 2a), however there was no significant difference in biofilm Chl a among treatments (Figure 2b). In combination with the decrease in planktonic Chl \textit{a} on the 6th day of the experiment the highest C:P treatment had approximately 4-fold higher planktonic bacterial abundance than the control and the 10 $\mu$M carbon treatment (Figure 2d). Similarly, biofilms had significantly higher total biomass and carbohydrate in the high carbon treatment compared to the other treatments (Figure 2c). Thus the shift in resource C:P altered the pool size of the algal and bacterial communities in both the plankton and biofilm communities. Clear differences in bacterial and algal pool size among treatments allowed us to address how shifts in pool sizes affected community richness and membership within and among plankton and biofilm communities.  \subsection{Planktonic and biofilm community structure}  Alpha diversity in all treatments for both the plankton and the biofilm communities was visualized using rarefaction curves (cite). Rarefaction curves show bacterial OTU richness in the 16S rRNA gene sequence surveys was consistently higher than planktonic counterparts. This trend held in was also ture for  the 23S libraries (F1). The biofilm communities with the highest C:P treatment (500) had fewer total OTUs than any of the other treatments (F1). Membership among between  the bacterial plankton and biofilm communities was notably different for all treatments except for the highest carbon treatment where the plankton and biofilm communities were more similar to each other than any other community and begin to resemble each other more over time (F2). Algal plankton and biofilm communities were also composed of different taxa However, there were not with no  comparable similarities among algal communities in the highest carbon treatment (F2). as was observed for the bacterial communities(F2).  In bacterial libraries, sequences were distributed into 636 total OTUs. 57% of quality controlled sequences fell into the top 25 OTUs in order of decreasing sum of relative abundance across all samples. Of the top 25 OTUs, only 6 were differentially abundant by Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (p < 0.05) (cite). Of these six, four were enriched in the planktonic samples. Of the four statistically significant plankton enriched OTUs two were annotated as falling in the Oceanospirillales, one the Rhodobacterales, and the highest resolution taxonomic annotation for the last was “Betaproteobacteria”. The two aforementioned Oceanospirillales only shared 89% sequence identity with eachother. One of the aforementioned Oceanospirillales sequences was identical to a 16S gene Marinobacterium marisflavum strain IMCC4074 and the other shared high identity (100%) with a cultivar annotated as Gamma proteobacterium IMCC15037 from an unpublished study as well as many sequences from unpublished studies with “isolation source” annotations as “seawater” (e.g. ACCESSION). The planktonic sample enriched Rhodobacterales also shared high sequence identity (100%) with other “seawater” derived 16S sequences from unpublished SSU rRNA gene surveys. The planktonic sample enriched Betaproteobacterium is identical to many 16S genes from uncultivated seawater microorganisms, sequences recovered in a study of bacterioplankton changes with storm disturbances (cite) as well as a cultivar annotated as “Beta proteobacterium IMCC15197” from an unpublished study (cite).  \section{Discussion} The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a shifting resource stoichiometry on the pool size, diversity, and membership of planktonic and biofilm communities. Our results suggest that carbon subsidies increased bacterial biomass in both plankton and biofilm communities as predicted. Carbon subsidies also resulted in decreased algal plankton biomass, however there appeared to be no significant affect on algal biofilm abundance.  These changes in the bulk pool were consistent with ecological framework of changing relationships (commensal to competitive) between the autotrophic and heterotrophic components of the plankton and the biofilm communities.