Unlocking the Power of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: From
Wireless Communication to Energy Efficiency and Beyond
Abstract
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are a class of metamaterials
that have gained significant attention in recent years due to their
potential to revolutionize wireless communication, sensing, and imaging
technologies. RISs consist of a planar array of closely spaced,
subwavelength-sized elements that can manipulate electromagnetic waves
in a controllable manner. By reconfiguring the geometry, material
properties, or phase of individual elements on the RIS, the surface can
be customized to meet specific application requirements.
RISs can potentially improve wireless communication by creating virtual
channels, reducing interference, and improving overall quality. They can
also enhance the efficiency of energy harvesting systems and improve
sensing and imaging technologies by manipulating the propagation and
scattering of electromagnetic waves. Additionally, RIS could be used to
increase privacy and security by selectively blocking or allowing
certain frequencies of electromagnetic waves.
In this article, we provide a brief history of the development of RIS
and discuss the design and fabrication of RIS structures. We also
explore the potential applications and benefits of RIS technology,
including improved wireless communication, enhanced energy efficiency,
advanced sensing and imaging, and increased privacy and security.
Finally, we highlight some of the current research challenges and future
directions for RIS technology. Overall, RISs hold great promise for
advancing a wide range of technologies and applications, and we expect
to see many exciting developments in this area in the future.