Meredith L. Rawls edited Discussion.tex  over 8 years ago

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\subsection{Comparison with asteroseismology}\label{seismo}  We expect the both  evolved giants in KIC 9246715 to exhibit solar-like oscillations. These should be observable as p-modes for radial oscillations and mixed p- and g- modes for dipolar and quadrupolar oscillations in \emph{Kepler} long-cadence data. For solar-like oscillators, the average large frequency separation of p-modes $\Delta \nu$ has been shown to scale with the square root of the mean density of the star $\bar{\rho}$, star,  while the frequency of maximum oscillation power $\nu_{\rm{max}}$ carries information about the physical conditions near the stellar surface and is a function of surface gravity$g$  and effective  temperature$T_{\rm{eff}}$  \citep{kje95}. These scaling relations may be used to estimate a star's mean density and surface gravity: \begin{equation} \label{density}  {\frac{\bar{\rho}}{\bar{\rho}_{\odot}}} \simeq {\left( \frac{\Delta \nu}{\Delta \nu_{\odot}} \right)}^{2} 

{\frac{g}{g_{\odot}}} \simeq {\left( \frac{\nu_{\rm{max}}}{\nu_{\rm{max}, \ \odot}} \right)} {\left( \frac{T_{\rm{eff}}}{T_{\rm{eff}, \ \odot}} \right)}^{-1/2}.  \end{equation}  These relations should be valid only for oscillation modes of large radial orders order  $n$, where pressure modes can be mathematically described in the frame of the ``asymptotic development'' \citep{tas80}. Even though red giants do not perfectly match these conditions, because the observed oscillation modes have radial orders $n < 10$, the scaling relations do appear to work. Quantifying how well they work and in what conditions is more challenging. This is why measuring oscillating stars' masses and radii independently from seismology is so important. However, Surprisingly,  when \citet{gau13} and \citet{gau14} analyzed the oscillation modes of KIC 9246715 to estimate global asteroseismic parameters, only one set of modes was found. Of the 17 oscillating red giants in eclipsing binaries RG/EBs  in the \emph{Kepler} field, KIC 9246715 is the only one with a pair of giant stars (the rest are composed of a giant star and a main sequence star). The oscillation spectrum as well as its representation as an \'echelle diagram are shown in Figures \ref{fig:seismo} and \ref{fig:echelle}. For a single oscillating star, the mode amplitudes are quite low ($A_{\rm{max}}(l=0) \simeq 14$ ppm, and not 6.6 ppm as erroneously reported by \citealt{gau14}) compared to the 20 ppm we expect based on mode amplitude scaling relations \citep{cor13}. In addition, the light curve displays photometric variability as large as 2\% peak-to-peak, which is typical of the signal created by spots on stellar surfaces. The pseudo-period of this variability was observed to be about half the orbital period, which suggests resonances in the system. \citet{gau14} speculated that star spots may be responsible for inhibiting oscillations on the smaller star, and a similar behavior was observed in other RG/EB systems. We now re-estimate $\nu_{\rm{max}}$ and $\Delta \nu$ for the oscillation spectrum in the same way as \citet{gau14}, but by using the whole \textit{Kepler} dataset (Q0--Q17). Differences with respect to previous estimates are negligible, as we find $\nu_{\rm{max}} = 106.4 \pm 0.8$ and $\Delta \nu = 8.31 \pm 0.01 \ \mu \rm{Hz}$. Because the ELC results yield $T_2/T_1=0.989$ (Table \ref{table1}) and the stellar atmosphere analysis gives $T_1 = 4990 \pm 90 \ \rm{K}$ and $T_2 = 5030 \pm 80 \ \rm{K}$ (Section \ref{parameters}), we assume an effective temperature $T_{\rm{eff}} = 5000 \pm 100 \ \rm{K}$ in the asteroseismic scaling equations. To determine mass, radius, surface gravity, and mean density, we use the scaling relations after correcting $\Delta \nu$ for the red giant regime \citep{mos13}. In essence, instead of directly plugging the observed $\Delta \nu_{\rm{obs}}$ into Equations \ref{density} and \ref{gravity}, we estimate the asymptotic large spacing $\Delta \nu_{\rm{as}}$ as follows: $\Delta \nu_{\rm{as}} = \Delta \nu_{\rm{obs}} (1 + \zeta)$, where $\zeta = 0.038$. With this correction of the large spacing, we obtain $M = 2.17 \pm 0.12 \ M_{\odot}$ and $R = 8.26 \pm 0.16 \ R_{\odot}$. In terms of mean density and surface gravity, which independently test the $\Delta \nu$ and $\nu_{\rm{max}}$ relations, respectively, we find $\bar{\rho}/\bar{\rho}_{\odot} = (3.862 \pm 0.009) \times 10 ^{-3}$ and $\log g = 2.942 \pm 0.007$. A comparison of key parameters determined from all our different modeling techniques is in Table \ref{table2}.