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# How the Internet Became an Observatory  When the internet first began to grow, astronomers thought of it mainly as a tool that would enable more "remote" observing, both on mountaintops and from space. But, then, as web browsers became moreprevalent and  powerful, and data exchange over the web became commmonplace, astronomers around the globe realized the potential the web held for creating an online set of interconnected astronomical data and research tools that would ultimately offer the best "observatory" the world had ever seen. In the United States, the National Science Foundation awarded a large consortium of institutions an initial grant in 2001 to create what was then called the "Framework for the National Virtual Observatory." A good deal of the work in building a Virtual Observatory revolves around "standards" needed to make resources interoperate. A small group of people around the world find the creation and implementation of such standards fascinating, and they have happily formed a semi-volunteer organization called the "International Virtual Observatory," or "IVOA." The IVOA's work is invisible to most practicing astronomers, but it is important to appreciate how critical it is in allowing resources to inter-operate. For example, some amateur astronomers will be familiar with the "FITS" format for images. It is IVOA standards that allow for those FITS images to be searched for, viewed, and exchanged within the many search tools and software packages that even just one astronomer might use. The work of the IVOA is not unlike that of ICANN and the W3C, the similarly critical, but near-invisible, bodies that enable the functioning of the internet we all use everyday.