@article{Cox_2015,
  doi = {10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.04.006},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.04.006},
  year = {2015},
  month = {jan},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {83},
  pages = {104--114},
  author = {Rimante A. Cox and Martin Drews and Carsten Rode and Susanne Balslev Nielsen},
  title = {{Simple future weather files for estimating heating and cooling demand}},
  journal = {Building and Environment},
}


@article{Dotzauer_2002,
  doi = {10.1016/s0306-2619(02)00078-8},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-2619(02)00078-8},
  year = {2002},
  month = {nov},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {73},
  number = {3-4},
  pages = {277--284},
  author = {Erik Dotzauer},
  title = {{Simple model for prediction of loads in district-heating systems}},
  journal = {Applied Energy},
}


@article{Nelson_2012,
  doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.031},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.031},
  year = {2012},
  month = {apr},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {436--447},
  author = {James Nelson and Josiah Johnston and Ana Mileva and Matthias Fripp and Ian Hoffman and Autumn Petros-Good and Christian Blanco and Daniel M. Kammen},
  title = {{High-resolution modeling of the western North American power system demonstrates low-cost and low-carbon futures}},
  journal = {Energy Policy},
}


@article{Benonysson_1995,
  doi = {10.1016/0196-8904(95)98895-t},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(95)98895-t},
  year = {1995},
  month = {may},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {36},
  number = {5},
  pages = {297--314},
  author = {Atli Benonysson and Benny B{\o}hm and Hans F. Ravn},
  title = {{Operational optimization in a district heating system}},
  journal = {Energy Conversion and Management},
}


@inproceedings{Idowu_2014,
  doi = {10.1109/smartgridcomm.2014.7007705},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007705},
  year = {2014},
  month = {nov},
  publisher = {Institute of Electrical {\&} Electronics Engineers ({IEEE})},
  author = {Samuel Idowu and Saguna Saguna and Christer Ahlund and Olov Schelen},
  title = {{Forecasting heat load for smart district heating systems: A machine learning approach}},
  booktitle = {2014 {IEEE} International Conference on Smart Grid Communications ({SmartGridComm})},
}


@inproceedings{Idowu_2014_2,
  doi = {10.1109/smartgridcomm.2014.7007705},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007705},
  year = {2014},
  month = {nov},
  publisher = {Institute of Electrical {\&} Electronics Engineers ({IEEE})},
  author = {Samuel Idowu and Saguna Saguna and Christer Ahlund and Olov Schelen},
  title = {{Forecasting heat load for smart district heating systems: A machine learning approach}},
  booktitle = {2014 {IEEE} International Conference on Smart Grid Communications ({SmartGridComm})},
}


@book{benonysson1990dynamic,
  title = {{Dynamic Modelling of District Heat Consumers}},
  author = {Benonysson, A. and Nordisk energiforskningssamarbejde},
  isbn = {9788788038217},
  url = {https://books.google.dk/books?id=7aAaQwAACAAJ},
  year = {1990},
  publisher = {Laboratory of Heating and Air Conditioning, Technical University of Denmark},
}


@article{Lund_2014,
  doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089},
  year = {2014},
  month = {apr},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {68},
  pages = {1--11},
  author = {Henrik Lund and Sven Werner and Robin Wiltshire and Svend Svendsen and Jan Eric Thorsen and Frede Hvelplund and Brian Vad Mathiesen},
  title = {{4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)}},
  journal = {Energy},
}


@article{Wang2015401,
  title = {{Modelling and optimization of CHP based district heating system with renewable energy production and energy storage}},
  journal = {Applied Energy},
  volume = {159},
  number = {},
  pages = {401 - 421},
  year = {2015},
  note = {},
  issn = {0306-2619},
  doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.020},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261915010909},
  author = {Haichao Wang and Wusong Yin and Elnaz Abdollahi and Risto Lahdelma and Wenling Jiao},
  keywords = {Energy efficiency},
  abstract = {Abstract Renewable energy source (RES) is playing an increasingly important role to reduce fossil fuels in district heating (DH) and to alleviate the accompanying environmental impact. In this paper, a combined heat and power (CHP) based \{DH\} system with \{RES\} and energy storage system (ESS) is studied. A modelling and optimization method is developed for planning and operating such CHP-DH systems. The objective of the optimization is to minimize the overall costs of the net acquisition for heat and power in deregulated power market. A planning model consisting of energy balances and constraints for system control and operation is built and an efficient algorithm is developed. We demonstrate the method in a CHP-DH system with a solar thermal plant and a thermal energy storage (TES). Results indicate that the developed method is efficient and flexible for planning and operating CHP-DH systems. To simulate the future situation, we also optimize the same CHP-DH system with a higher share of \{RES\} and a bigger TES. Results show that \{TES\} is used more intensively in the future with more fluctuating \{CHP\} load and a higher share of RES.},
}


@inproceedings{Runvik_2015,
  doi = {10.3384/ecp15118217},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp15118217},
  year = {2015},
  month = {sep},
  publisher = {Linkoping University Electronic Press},
  author = {H{\aa}kan Runvik and Per-Ola Larsson and St{\'{e}}phane Velut and Jonas Funkquist and Markus Bohlin and Andreas Nilsson and Sara Modarrez Razavi},
  title = {{Production Planning for Distributed District Heating Networks with {JModelica}.org}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Modelica Conference Versailles, France, September 21-23, 2015},
}


@article{Rong_2007,
  doi = {10.1016/j.ejor.2005.09.009},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.09.009},
  year = {2007},
  month = {jan},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {176},
  number = {2},
  pages = {1219--1245},
  author = {Aiying Rong and Risto Lahdelma},
  title = {{Efficient algorithms for combined heat and power production planning under the deregulated electricity market}},
  journal = {European Journal of Operational Research},
}


@article{Li_2012,
  doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.056},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.056},
  year = {2012},
  month = {sep},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {45},
  number = {1},
  pages = {237--246},
  author = {Hongwei Li and Svend Svendsen},
  title = {{Energy and exergy analysis of low temperature district heating network}},
  journal = {Energy},
}


@article{Izadyar_2015,
  doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.015},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.015},
  year = {2015},
  month = {dec},
  publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
  volume = {93},
  pages = {1558--1567},
  author = {Nima Izadyar and Hossein Ghadamian and Hwai Chyuan Ong and Zeinab moghadam and Chong Wen Tong and Shahaboddin Shamshirband},
  title = {{Appraisal of the support vector machine to forecast residential heating demand for the District Heating System based on the monthly overall natural gas consumption}},
  journal = {Energy},
}


@article{poredovs2002exergy,
  title = {{Exergy loss as a basis for the price of thermal energy}},
  author = {Poredo{\v{s}}, Alojz and Kitanovski, Andrej},
  journal = {Energy Conversion and Management},
  volume = {43},
  number = {16},
  pages = {2163--2173},
  year = {2002},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
}