this is for holding javascript data
test1234567 deleted Id_copular_tex_v_1__.tex
about 9 years ago
Commit id: bedb33d4d8ed6e6c7365806dc3b839488532a5b0
deletions | additions
diff --git a/Id_copular_tex_v_1__.tex b/Id_copular_tex_v_1__.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c44579..0000000
--- a/Id_copular_tex_v_1__.tex
+++ /dev/null
...
% $Id: copular.tex,v 1.14 1994/12/09 06:39:11 robertm Exp $
%\input{stuff}
%\makeindex
%\begin{document}
\section{Copular Verbs} \index{copular verbs|(}
\label{list:copular}
%A.
\subsection{Simple copular complements} \index{copular verbs!simple copular
complements|(}
Complements of the following verbs appear with the -PRD tag. This list
should be considered exhaustive (see \quirk\ sections 16.21-24).
\index{PRD@-PRD}
% i.e. no -PRD should be added directly under a verb not appearing here
% until that verb has been officially added to this list.
\begin{quote}
be (friendly/my friend/at home) [adj/n/adv]
appear (happy/the only solution) [adj/n]\\
feel (annoyed/a fool) [adj/n]\\
look (pretty/a fine day) [adj/n]\\
seem (restless/a genius) [adj/n]\\
smell (sweet) [adj]\\
sound (surprised/a reasonable idea) [adj/n]\\
taste (bitter) [adj]
remain (uncertain/good friends) [adj/n]\\
keep (silent) [adj]\\
stay (motionless/good friends) [adj/n]
become (older/an expert) [adj/n]\\
come (true) [adj]\\
end up (happy/her slave) [adj/n]\\
get (ready) [adj]\\
go (sour) [adj]\\
grow (tired) [adj]\\
prove (rather useful/his equal) [adj/n]\\
turn (cold/traitor) [adj/n]\\
turn out (fortunate/a success) [adj/n]\\
wind up (drunk/a millionaire) [adj/n]
\end{quote}
%1.
\subsubsection{Adjectival}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ The dog)
(VP is/appears/seems
(ADJP-PRD happy)))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ That food)
(VP looks/smells/tastes
(ADJP-PRD awful)))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (INTJ Please)
(NP-SBJ *)
(VP keep/remain/stay
(ADJP-PRD silent)))
\end{verbatim}
This includes ``pseudo-adjectives'' (see \RefSC).
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ Things)
(VP seem
(PP-PRD under
(NP control))))
\end{verbatim}
%2.
\subsubsection{Nominal}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ Your safety belt)
(VP is-PRD your friend))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ-1 The former chief executive)
(VP will
(VP remain
(NP-PRD chairman)))
.)
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ The new student)
(VP proved
(NP-PRD an idiot)))
\end{verbatim}
but note:
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ The new student)
(VP proved
(NP a theorem)))
\end{verbatim}
%3.
\subsubsection{Adverbial}
Adverbial predicates should only be tagged -PRD when they follow {\it be}\/
or in a {\it do so}\/ construction. \index{PRD@-PRD}
\begin{itemize}
\item after {\it be}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ (NP much)
(PP of
(NP the action)))
(VP was
(PP-LOC-PRD in
(NP heating oil))))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ The party)
(VP will
(VP be
(PP-TMP-PRD at
(NP eleven)))))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ business)
(VP is
(ADVP-PRD up
(NP 35 %))
(PP-TMP in
(NP the past year))))
\end{verbatim}
\item {\it do so}\/ constructions \index{do so constructions@{\it do so}\/
constructions}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (SBAR-ADV while the SEC regulates who files)
,
(NP-SBJ the law)
(VP tells
(NP them)
(SBAR (WHADVP-1 when)
(S (NP-SBJ *)
(VP to
(VP do
(ADVP-PRD so)
(ADVP-TMP *T*-1)))))))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (S (NP-SBJ I)
(VP attend))
, and
(SINV (ADVP-PRD-TPC-1 so)
(VP does
(ADVP-PRD *T*-1))
(NP-SBJ (NP a television crew)
(PP from
(NP New York City)))))
\end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
However, adverbial modifiers are sometimes erroneously tagged -PRD in
sentences such as {\it Mandela remains in prison}\/.
%4.
\subsubsection{Clausal}
Forms of {\it be}\/ can also take clausal complements:
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ its purpose)
(VP is
(S-PRD (NP-SBJ *)
(VP to
(VP gauge
(NP learning progress))))))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ The theory)
(VP was
(SBAR-PRD that
(S (NP-SBJ the Voice)
(VP is
(NP-PRD a propaganda agency))))))
\end{verbatim}
including some fairly unusual ones:
\begin{verbatim}
(S (ADVP-TMP Now)
(NP-SBJ the question)
(VP is :
(SQ-PRD Is
(NP-SBJ Poland)
(ADJP-PRD ready
(PP for
(NP it))))))
\end{verbatim}
However, when {\it be}\/ acts as a semimodal, the following S should not get
-PRD:
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ-1 You)
(VP are
(S (NP-SBJ *-1)
(VP to
(VP resign
(ADVP-TMP immediately))))))
\end{verbatim}
\index{copular verbs!simple copular complements|)}
%B.
\subsection{Related constructions}
It is noted in \quirk\ that, for many of the above verbs with nominal
complements, English speakers (especially Americans) tend to (strongly)
prefer a variant containing {\it to be}\/ or {\it like}\/ instead of just a
simple NP\@. The Treebank treats such constructions as follows:
%1.
\subsubsection{The ``like'' versions}
Verbs that take a complement mediated by {\it like}\/ should be bracketed
with a -CLR tag rather than -PRD.
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ That)
(VP sounds
(PP-CLR like
(NP a reasonable idea))))
\end{verbatim}
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ It)
(VP looks
(PP-CLR like
(NP a fine day))))
\end{verbatim}
%2.
\subsubsection{The ``to be'' versions}
Versions with {\it to be}\/ are bracketed as complement clauses (as described
in \RefSC, under ``Null subject clausal complements'').
\begin{verbatim}
(S (NP-SBJ-3 That)
(VP appears
(S (NP-SBJ *-3)
(VP to
(VP be
(NP-PRD the only solution))))))
\end{verbatim}
\index{copular verbs|)}
%\printindex
%\end{document}
diff --git a/layout.md b/layout.md
index cdb5fec..e69de29 100644
--- a/layout.md
+++ b/layout.md
...
Id_copular_tex_v_1__.tex
