Tonnam Balankura edited Specifics.tex  almost 9 years ago

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The polyol synthesis is a popular solution-phase synthesis of Ag nanocrystals \cite{Skrabalak_2007}.  The typical reaction temperature is $150^{\circ}$ C.  In the polyol synthesis, ethylene glycol acts as both the solvent and the reducing agent.  The source of Ag is from AgNO_3 silver nitrate  that is dissolved in ethylene glycol. Ag seeds may be added in order to disentangle growth from nucleation, enhancing control of nanocrystal size and shape.  Structure-directing agents, typically polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), are added to prevent aggregation of nanocrystals and to promote the formation of \{100\}-faceted nanocrystals.  The ratio of PVP to AgNO_3 is critical to the formation of different nanocrystal shapes, ranging from cubes \cite{Xia_2012,Zhang_2010}, triangular plates \cite{Lofton_2005,Liu_2012}, and five-fold twinned pentagonal wires \cite{Zhu_2011,Zhang_2008,Sun_2002}. 

The limitations of this method are the collective variable must be accurately chosen to represent the physical nature of the system and the multidimensional energy landscape is reduced to one dimension thus it may not give the complete description of the system.