Tonnam Balankura edited Introduction.tex  almost 9 years ago

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Nanoscale materials have the potential to solve many of today's biggest problems such as peak oil, global water crisis, and burden of cancer.  Faraday's discovery of colloidal ruby gold producing different colored solutions in 1857 \cite{Faraday_1857,Thompson_2007} has inspired generations of nanoscale science.  Controlled synthesis of nanocrystals, namely quantum dots, was invented by Bawendi \textit{et al.} in 1993 \cite{hakimi1993quantum,Murray_2000}.  They paved the way for the use of well-defined nanocrystals in applications ranging from heterogeneous catalysis \cite{astruc2008nanoparticles,Astruc_2006} to photovoltaics \cite{Atwater_2010}, DNA sequencing \cite{McNally_2010}, batteries \cite{Panniello_2014}, hydrogen storage \cite{Jena_2011,Ramos_Castillo_2015}, and cancer therapeutics \cite{Jain_2010,Kim_2010}.