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Benjamin Sanchez Lengeling deleted no_non_radiative_recombination_processes__.md
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figures/first Solar road map/first Solar road map.jpg
Extra_ideas_Quantum_Dots_Quantum__.md
Material_Genomes_Initiative_How_should__.md
no_non_radiative_recombination_processes__.md
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**no non-radiative recombination processes :** The SQ limit only assumes radiative recombination as the only recombination channel for the cell, which is not the case in real materials.
The magnitude of these non-radiative recombination losses can be characterized by the internal fluorescence efficiency, via the formula:
\[ \nu_{int\;fluo} = \frac{ R_{rad} }{ R_{rad}+R_{non-rad} } \]
To maximize \(\nu_{int\;fluo}\) we have to minimize \(R_{non-rad}\), which means optimizing the carrier lifetime for the recombination process. This can be modelled via 3 processes: the Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH), band to band, and Auger.
**Note:** We should figure out the different constants involved in this process.
- SRH involves: \(\tau_{n0}\) and \(\tau_{p0}\) are the equilibrium carrier lifetimes of electrons and holes, \(N_V\) and \(N_c\) are the effective densities of states in the valence and conduction bands, \(E_C\), \(E_V\) and \(E_R\) are the conduction band, valence band and trap level (in eV), and \(n_0\) and \(p_0\) are the equilibrium carrier concentrations.
- Auger: \( C_n \) Auger coefficient for electrons, \( C_p \) Auger coefficient for holes
- Band to Band: \( B\) radiative coefficient
- SRH equilibrium carrier lifetimes: \( \sigma_n \)
electron capture cross section, \( \sigma_p \) hole capture cross section, \( V_{th} \) carrier thermal velocity for \(n\) and \(p\), \(N_T\) trap concentration
**Should read-up on electrophysics to understand this more**
**Figure idea:** Analogeous to the 2015 article, create an excess carrier concentration plot for CdTe.