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George edited subsectionAims__To_u.tex
about 8 years ago
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...
so most galaxies in the Universe tend to live near other galaxies
in clumps called groups or clusters.
Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, lives in
a rather insignificant cluster
we call around 3 Mpc
(Megaparsecs; one parsec = 3.26 light years $= 3.1 \times 10^{16}$ m) in diameter called the Local Group.
This cluster has
two three big
galaxies, galaxies: our
own and own, the Andromeda Galaxy (M31),
in
orbit and the
Triangulum galaxy (M33); as well as around
each other. 50 smaller satellite and dwarf galaxies.
Each of
these two the big galaxies is a spiral galaxy, with
a radius of about 10 kpc (kilo-parsecs; one parsec = 3.26
light years $= 3.1
\times10^{16}$ m).
We live about radii in the range 10-30 kpc.
Our solar system is around 8 kpc from the centre of our galaxy,
so we are right out near the edge.
In addition a little over
halfway to the
two biggies,
there are two medium sized galaxies in our group, the Magellanic
clouds, and another 10 or so dwarf galaxies, all in orbit around each
other. The radius of our local group is about 1 Mpc (Mega-parsec). edge.
When astronomers first started mapping the sky, looking for galaxies,
they discovered an enormous number of them in the constellation of Virgo.