An astronomical unit (AU, the distance from the Earth to the Sun) is \(1.496\times 10^{11}\) m.

The radius of the Earth (\(r_{\oplus}\)) is 6380 km

One parsec (pc) is \(3.086\times 10^{16}\)m (\(3.26\) light years)

The radius of Mars is 3400 km.

The distance between the Sun and Mars is \(1.524\) AU

The distance between the Sun and the Kuiper belt is between \(40\) and \(100\) AU.

The mass of the Earth (\(m_{\oplus}\)) is \(5.97\times 10^{24}\) kg.

The mass of the Sun (\(M_{\odot}\)) is \(2.00\times 10^{30}\) kg.

The mass of Mars is \(6.4\times 10^{23}\) kg.

The Chandrasekhar mass is \(1.4\) times the mass of the Sun.

The mass of a typical galaxy is \(10^{10}\,M_{\odot}\).

The luminosity of the Sun (\(L_{\odot}\)) is \(3.8\times 10^{26}\) W.

The temperature of the Sun (\(T_{\odot}\)) is \(5800\) K.

The radiation temperature of deep space is \(2.7\) K.