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\subsubsection{Climate}  The Tropical Andes climate has several drivers. These are the Amazon forest, oceanic currents, and the topography \cite{Martinez2011}. The Amazon forest—through Evapo-transpiration—produces a great amount of water vapor. This water precipitates along the Western Cordillera because of orographic precipitation. This precipitation is also produced in the Eastern Cordillera. Air masses advected from the Pacific Ocean produce this effect. The influence of the Pacific Ocean in the climate variability is important. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is the main driver of decadal climate variability in this region \cite{Martinez2011}. The inter-annual variability depends on the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) \cite{Vuille_2000,Villacis2003,Martinez2011}. Overall, the El Niño events in the Tropical Andes produce a below-average precipitation pattern \cite{Garreaud2009}. Yet, this response is not uniform in the Ecuadorian Andes \cite{Villacis2003}. No relationship exists between ENSO and precipitation during the wet season (October-May). Yet, there is a consistent trend with below-average precipitation during the dry season (June-August). This may occur because precipitation has some Atlantic influence as well \cite{Vuille_2000}. On the other hand, ENSO can largely explain the inter-annual variability of temperature \cite{Vuille_2000}. El Niño events are associated with higher temperatures in most of the Ecuadorian Andes \cite{Vuille_2000}. Most of the Ecuadorian Andes—between 1500 to 3000 m—have a "Semi-Humid Mesothermal" climate \cite{Pourrut1995}. Mean temperatures in this region range from 8 \textsuperscript{o}c to 20 \textsuperscript{o}c. Maximum temperatures span from 22 \textsuperscript{o}C and 30 \textsuperscript{o}C. Minimum temperatures range from -4 \textsuperscript{o}c to 5 \textsuperscript{o}C. Air masses from the Pacific Ocean and the Amazon region create three seasons. Two wet seasons during the periods February-May and October-November. A dry season spans from June to September. Total annual precipitation ranges from 800 mm to 1500 mm along the Andes. Relative humidity varies from 65 to 85 percent.  \subsubsection{Fire}