Daniel Pazmino edited untitled.tex  over 8 years ago

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Reasearch conducted in several regions of the world have demonstrated a link between ENSO and fire activity \cite{Swetnam1983,Simard1985a,Kitzberger2002,Beckage2003,Carmona-Moreno2005,Nicholls2007a,Wooster2012, Harris2013}. The relationship is usually associated with a particular ENSO phase (El Niño or La Niña) and negative rainfall anomalies. These anomalies depend on the regional impact of ENSO over climate and are reflected in the rainfall deficits over the months before —and during– the wildfire season. This influence could be exacerbated if, for example, a strong El Nino event is in superposition with a negative Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) phase \cite{A2004}. ENSO may even have an influence over ignition patterns, fostering the occurrence of lightning strikes \cite{Beckage2003}. This encourages the investigation of new studies of ENSO-related wildfire danger variability and predictability in other regions in the world.   Most of these studies also agree that there is potential to use ENSO to design seasonal forecasting wildfire tools \cite{Simard1985a,Nicholls2007a,Wooster2012,Harris2013}. In fact, an predictive index has already been proposed for the Norhtern Patagonia region in Argentina \cite{Kitzberger2002}. However, as acknowledged by the author,  the use of statistical-empirical methods to investigate this problem have limitations. For example, the assumption of stable ENSO phase's relationships over long periods of time with climate predictors. Another important assumption to consider is the fixed timing of ENSO arrival. In spite of this, simple indexes can also provide valuable information to decision makers. \subsection{Study area}