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Edward Brown edited integration-lecture-lab.tex
about 9 years ago
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Following these topics, the next three weeks of lectures are devoted to probability and statistics, with course notes drawn from \citet{Taylor1997An-Introduction} and \citet{Durrett1994The-Essentials-}. Starting with a derivation of probability rules from set-theoretical concepts, we discuss combinatorics and then build to a derivation of the binomial distribution in the context of the random walk. The small-probability limit as a Poisson distribution is introduced, and then we imagine measurement fluctuations as a random walk with a corresponding normal distribution. From there, we derive the uncertainty in the mean, propagation of uncertainties, and the use of the $\chi^2$-statistic (see Figure~\ref{fig:sample-datasets}).
In parallel, the students work through a multi-part lab in which they determine the distance to the Hyades and its age. This puts into practice the statistical concepts discussed in lecture.
At this point, the lectures and lab diverge, as the discussion in the lectures turns to detection of exoplanets. We continue to pose questions relating to probability, so that the students must review previously discussed topics. For example, one exercise asks students to compute the probability that a planetary mass, detected via Doppler velocity measurements of the host star, exceeds a certain value.