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Dylan Freedman edited ChordTheory.tex
about 9 years ago
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A chord consists of a combination of notes sounding simultaneously or close enough in succession to resemble a texture. The \textit{Harvard Dictionary of Music} defines a chord as consisting of at least three notes\cite{harvdict}. A chord perceptually describes the notes that are contained within.
Chords are commonly labeled with qualities, which describe the intervals between the pitches involved. A \textit{root note} describes the base upon which successive intervals are based. For example, given a specified root, a \textit{major} chord consists of notes
3 4 semitones above the root and
6 7 semitones above the root, invariant of octave. This means that notes in a major chord must be
3 4 and
6 7 semitones above the root modulus 12. See figure~\ref{fig:qualitytable} for a sample of commonly named chord qualities and the associated intervals.
\begin{figure}[h!]
\begin{center}
...
\toprule
Chord Quality & Shorthand & Intervals from Root (mod 12) \\
\midrule
Major & &
+3, +6 +4, +7 \\
Major 6th & 6 &
+3, +6, +4, +7, +8 \\
Major 7th & maj7 &
+3, +6, +10\\ +4, +7, +11\\
Minor & m &
+2, +6 +3, +7 \\
Minor 6th & m6 &
+2, +6, +8 +3, +7, +9 \\
Minor 7th & m7 &
+2, +6, +9 \\ +3, +7, +10\\
Dominant 7th & 7 &
+3, +6, +9 \\ +4, +7, +10\\
Augmented & aug &
+3, +7 +4, +8 \\
Diminished & dim &
+2, +5 +3, +6 \\
Diminished 7th & dim7 &
+2, +5, +8 +3, +6, +9 \\
Half-diminished 7th & m7b5 &
+2, +5, +9 \\ +3, +6, +10\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{Common chord qualities and associated intervals}