@article{Zendejas2014,
author = {Zendejas, NJR and Mart\'{\i}nez, RFF},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/dcm141b.pdf:pdf},
journal = {L\'{a}ser (en ingl\'{e}s, \ldots},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {1},
pages = {7--12},
title = {{Tratamiento l\'{a}ser en onicomicosis}},
url = {http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/cosmetica/dcm-2014/dcm141b.pdf},
volume = {12},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Horine,
author = {Horine, Chris},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/PinPointe-Laser-Tx-for-onychomycosis-Multicenter-262-patients-with-Dr-Chris-Horine-March-2013.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
title = {{Evaluation of a short pulse Nd:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Infected Nails—A Retrospective International Multicenter Study of 262 Patients}}
}
@article{Guimaraes2014,
author = {Guimar\~{a}es, CMD de S\'{a}},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/265531454005 (1).pdf:pdf},
journal = {Surgical \& Cosmetic Dermatology},
keywords = {Lasers,an\'{a}lise espectral,fototerapia,lasers de estado s\'{o}lido,onicomicose,trichophyton.},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {155--160},
title = {{Tratamento da onicomicose com laser NdYAG: resultados em 30 pacientes}},
url = {http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=265531454005},
volume = {6},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Heck2013,
author = {Heck, R and Rossi, C and Kuh, ICP and Bakos, L},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/265530932011.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Surgical \& Cosmetic Dermatology},
keywords = {Onicomicose,lasers,tratamento avan\c{c}ado.},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {257--260},
title = {{Tratamento de onicomicose dos h\'{a}luces por dermat\'{o}fito com laser Nd: YAG 1064nm}},
url = {http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=265530932011},
volume = {5},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Kim2013,
author = {Kim, YR and Roh, NK and Jung, JW and Hahn, HJ},
journal = {프로그램북 (구  \ldots},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{P253: Antifungal effect of 1064 nm long pulse Nd: Yag laser on the growth of trichophyton rubrum in vitro}},
url = {http://www.papersearch.net/view/detail.asp?detail\_key=27729395},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Moutran2014,
author = {Moutran, R and Maatouk, I and H\'{e}lou, J},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.12466},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/jdv12466.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1468-3083},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = mar,
pages = {1--2},
pmid = {24661384},
title = {{Diabetic neuropathy and Nd-YAG (1064 nm) laser for onychomycosis: be careful.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24661384},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Morais,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a common disease, accounting for up to 50\% of all ungual pathologies. We have been developing a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01528813) using a 2940nm Er:YAG laser to fractionally ablate human nails in vivo, aiming to increase topical amorolfine lacquer delivery to the nail unit, increasing the efficacy of topical treatment of distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis. Partial results have shown an increase in areas of nail plate free of disease. We believe that ablative lasers can increase the efficacy of topical onychomycosis treatment.},
author = {de Morais, Orlando Oliveira and Costa, Izelda Maria Carvalho and Gomes, Ciro Martins and Shinzato, Dayane Higa and Ayres, Guilherme Marreta Cavalcanti and Cardoso, Rayane Marques},
doi = {10.1590/abd1806-4841.20131932},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Morais et al. - Unknown - The use of the ErYAG 2940nm laser associated with amorolfine lacquer in the treatment of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1806-4841},
journal = {Anais brasileiros de dermatologia},
keywords = {Administration, Topical,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Dermoscopy,Humans,Lacquer,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Morpholines,Morpholines: therapeutic use,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: therapy,Time Factors,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
number = {5},
pages = {847--9},
pmid = {24173203},
publisher = {Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia},
title = {{The use of the Er:YAG 2940nm laser associated with amorolfine lacquer in the treatment of onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://homolog.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci\_arttext\&pid=S0365-05962013000500847\&lng=en\&nrm=iso\&tlng=es},
volume = {88}
}
@article{Hur2012,
author = {Hur, H and Choi, Kwang Ho and Moon, SH and Oh, Young Jae and Kim, JE and Ro, YS},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/27728152\_pv.pdf:pdf},
journal = {프로그램북 (구 초록집)},
keywords = {3,4 nails were cured,5,61,8,8 nails had,9,among the 13 patients,dpcp,immunotherapy,of the 43 nails,others were male and,the,the mean age of,the patients was 62,visit,warts,were female},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {2012},
title = {{Treatment of onychomycosis with a 1064 nm long-pulsed Nd: YAG laser (ClearSense)}},
url = {http://www.papersearch.net/google\_link/fulltext.asp?file\_name=27728152.pdf},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Ghavam2014,
author = {Ghavam, SA and Aref, S},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/6454-28183-1-PB (1).pdf:pdf},
journal = {Journal of Lasers in \ldots},
keywords = {1,10-6,2015,6,an in vitro study,aref s,as follows,dermatophyte,ghavam sa,irradiation on the growth,j lasers med sci,laser,mohajerani e,moravvej h,nd,of trichophyton,pdl,please cite this article,q-switched,rubrum,shidfar mr,the effect of laser,yag lasers},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
number = {1},
pages = {10--16},
title = {{Laser Irradiation on Growth of Trichophyton Rubrum: An in Vitro Study}},
url = {http://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/jlms/article/view/6454/0},
volume = {6},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Sullivan,
author = {Sullivan, Robert and Clinic, Midleton Foot},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/Robert-Sullivan-laser-article-1.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {fungal nail,infection,lunula laser,onychomycosis},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
title = {{Erchonia Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Onychomycosis 1}}
}
@article{Noguchi2013,
author = {Noguchi, Hiromitsu and Miyata, Keishi and Sugita, Takashi and Hiruma, Midori and Hiruma, Masataro},
doi = {10.3314/mmj.54.333},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/54\_333.pdf:pdf},
issn = {2185-6486},
journal = {Medical Mycology Journal},
keywords = {1064nm nd,fungal nail infection,onychomycosis,tinea unguium,yag laser},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {4},
pages = {333--339},
title = {{Treatment of Onychomycosis Using a 1064nm Nd : YAG Laser}},
url = {http://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JST.JSTAGE/mmj/54.333?lang=en\&from=CrossRef\&type=abstract},
volume = {54},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Lim2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Traditional pharmacotherapy for onychomycosis has low to moderate efficacy and may be associated with adverse reactions and medication interactions limiting its use in many patients.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of a fractional carbon-dioxide laser with topical antifungal therapy in the treatment of onychomycosis.

METHODS: In all, 24 patients were treated with fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy and a topical antifungal cream. The laser treatment consisted of 3 sessions at 4-week intervals. Efficacy was assessed based on the response rate from standardized photographs, a microscopic examination of subungual debris, and subjective evaluations.

RESULTS: Among the patients, 92\% showed a clinical response and 50\% showed a complete response with a negative microscopic result. The factors that influenced a successful outcome were the type of onychomycosis and the thickness of the nail plate before treatment. The treatment regimen was well tolerated and there was no recurrence 3 months after the last treatment episode.

LIMITATIONS: The study followed up only 24 patients and there were no relevant treatment controls.

CONCLUSIONS: Fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy, combined with a topical antifungal agent, was effective in the treatment of onychomycosis. It should be considered an alternative therapeutic option in patients for whom systemic antifungal agents are contraindicated.},
author = {Lim, Eun-Hwa and Kim, Hyeong-rae and Park, Young-Ok and Lee, Young and Seo, Young-Joon and Kim, Chang-Deok and Lee, Jeung-Hoon and Im, Myung},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2014.01.893},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/2014 Toenail onychomycosis treated with a fractional carbon-dioxide laser and topical antifungal cream.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Adult,Aged,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: administration \& dosage,Combined Modality Therapy,Female,Humans,Lasers, Gas,Lasers, Gas: therapeutic use,Male,Middle Aged,Morpholines,Morpholines: administration \& dosage,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: surgery,Skin Cream},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = may,
number = {5},
pages = {918--23},
pmid = {24655819},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{Toenail onychomycosis treated with a fractional carbon-dioxide laser and topical antifungal cream.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24655819},
volume = {70},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Fritz2013,
author = {Fritz, Klaus and Francuzik, Wojciech},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/PME\_3\_3\_Fritz.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {lasers,nail,onychomycosis},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {May},
pages = {18--22},
title = {{Treatment options for}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Hospital,
author = {Hospital, Molholm},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1ONY8443-A01.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {2--6},
title = {{Midway follow-up of Nd:YAG treatment of onychomycosis.}}
}
@article{Bristow2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a common nail pathology which has proven to be a treatment challenge to healthcare professionals. Antifungal drugs have been the mainstay of therapy for many years. Recently, laser technologies have been introduced as a treatment for onychomycosis avoiding the disadvantages of systemic and topical drug therapies, offering a rapid treatment for an often persistent nail condition. The purpose of this study was to review published evidence regarding the effectiveness of laser technologies in the treatment of onychomycosis.

METHODS: The primary question for this review was "what evidence is there for the use of lasers in the treatment of onychomycosis"? A systematic literature search of published papers indexed on Pubmed and Web of Science® was undertaken in June 2014 for original, published research. The primary outcome measures for efficacy were mycological cure and clearance of the affected nail (clinical cure).

RESULTS: This review returned a total of twelve eligible published studies evaluating the use of lasers in the treatment of onychomycosis. Two were randomised controlled trials, four were comparative design studies (with no placebo/control groups) and the remainder were case series. The level of evidence was generally low level reflecting predominantly small sample size and lack of control groups. The results from studies were conflicting and follow up periods for patients in studies were generally short. Many studies excluded patients with severe or dystrophic onychomycosis.

CONCLUSIONS: The evidence pertaining to the effectiveness of laser treatment of onychomycosis is limited and of poor methodological quality. Future studies using a randomised controlled trial designs with larger study populations and clear procedures are required to permit a full evaluation of this emerging technology.},
author = {Bristow, Ivan R},
doi = {10.1186/1757-1146-7-34},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1757-1146-7-34.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1757-1146},
journal = {Journal of foot and ankle research},
keywords = {Fungal,Laser,Nail,Nd:YAG,Onychomycosis,fungal,laser,nail,nd,onychomycosis,yag},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {34},
pmid = {25104974},
title = {{The effectiveness of lasers in the treatment of onychomycosis: a systematic review.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4124774\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {7},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Kolodchenko2013,
author = {Kolodchenko, Yegor V and Baetul, Vasyl I},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/42\_47\_\_\_kolodchenko\_\_\_onychomycosis\_\_\_jlaha\_2013\_1.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {1,2013,42-47,accepted,article,ha,j,la,laser treatment,may 29,may 5,nails fungal infection,nd,no,onychomycosis,pp,received,vol,yag laser},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser},
number = {1},
title = {{A Novel Method for the Treatment of Fungal Nail Disease with 1064 nm Nd:YAG}},
volume = {2013},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Myers2013,
author = {Myers, Michael J and Myers, Jeffrey A and Roth, Franziska and Guo, Baoping and Hardy, Christopher R and Carrabba, Angelo and Trywick, Carmen and Bryant, Stewart and Griswold, John Robert and Island, Hilton Head and River, May and Maria, Ave},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/er168.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser},
number = {8565},
title = {{Treatment of toe nail fungus infection using an AO Q-switched eye-safe erbium glass laser at 1534nm}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Kozarev2009,
author = {Kozarev, Jasmina},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/86782\_clinical\_bulletin\_10\_01\_1\_0\_eadv\_onychomycosis\_kozarev.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Laser Treatment of Nail Fungal Infection}},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Hospitala,
author = {Hospital, Molholm},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1ONY8467-A01.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {4--6},
title = {{New guidelines for Nd:YAG treatment of onychomycosis based on 12-month follow-up and clinical literature study}}
}
@article{Kalokasidis2013,
abstract = {In this prospective clinical study, the Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm laser (Light Age, Inc., Somerset, NJ, USA) was used on 131 onychomycosis subjects (94 females, 37 males; ages 18 to 68 years). Mycotic cultures were taken and fungus types were detected. The laser protocol included two sessions with a one-month interval. Treatment duration was approximately 15 minutes per session and patients were observed over a 3-month time period. Laser fluencies of 14 J/cm(2) were applied at 9 billionths of a second pulse duration and at 5 Hz frequency. Follow-up was performed at 3 months with mycological cultures. Before and after digital photographs were taken. Adverse effects were recorded and all participants completed "self-evaluation questionnaires" rating their level of satisfaction. All subjects were well satisfied with the treatments, there were no noticeable side effects, and no significant differences were found treating men versus women. At the 3-month follow-up 95.42\% of the patients were laboratory mycologically cured of fungal infection. This clinical study demonstrates that fungal nail infections can be effectively and safely treated with Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm laser. It can also be combined with systemic oral antifungals providing more limited treatment time.},
author = {Kalokasidis, Kostas and Onder, Meltem and Trakatelli, Myrto-Georgia and Richert, Bertrand and Fritz, Klaus},
doi = {10.1155/2013/379725},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/379725 (1) (1).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1687-6105},
journal = {Dermatology research and practice},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = jan,
pages = {379725},
pmid = {24396343},
title = {{The Effect of Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis In Vivo.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3875102\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {2013},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Choi2014,
abstract = {Investigations of laser- or light-assisted antibacterial and antifungal treatments have been introduced. In the present study, we investigated the antifungal activities of 1444-nm Nd:YAG lasers against onychomycosis by microbiologic analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Scraped toenails from 20 participants with mycologically confirmed onychomycosis were prepared on polystyrene weighing dishes and treated with a 1444-nm Nd:YAG laser. The samples were analyzed for the presence of colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy was performed using an toenail treated with the 1444-nm Nd:YAG laser. The mean reduction rate achieved by treatment with a total energy of 300 J was 75.9\% (range: 33.3-100), and by treatment with 450 J was 85.5\% (range: 66.7-100). However, the difference in CFU reduction rates between the laser settings of 300 J and 450 J was not significant. Analysis by scanning electron microscope revealed numerous disintegrated spores on the lower portions of the nail plate treated with the 1444-nm laser, while the upper portion of the nail plate presented only a few small and greatly disintegrated fungal spores. Our results suggest that a Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1444 nm has antifungal effects on onychomycosis. However, further investigations should be performed to determine the long-term clinical and microbiologic effects of this treatment.},
author = {Choi, Min Ju and Zheng, Zhenlong and Goo, Boncheol and Cho, Sung Bin},
doi = {10.3109/09546634.2012.714455},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/133195718-Antifungal-Effects-of-a-1444-Nm-Neodymium-Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet-Laser-on-Onychomycosis (1).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1471-1753},
journal = {The Journal of dermatological treatment},
keywords = {Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Foot Dermatoses: pathology,Foot Dermatoses: radiotherapy,Humans,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Onychomycosis: pathology,Onychomycosis: radiotherapy,Pilot Projects},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = aug,
number = {4},
pages = {294--7},
pmid = {22812623},
title = {{Antifungal effects of a 1444-nm neodymium:Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser on onychomycosis: a pilot study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22812623},
volume = {25},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Ortiz2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a therapeutic challenge because of the toxicities of systemic medications. This has led to the investigation of light-based technologies for safe and effective alternative treatment modalities.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of 4 treatments with a 1,320-nm neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in improving the appearance of onychomycosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a 24-week, single-center randomized placebo-controlled study. Ten subjects were enrolled with culture-proven, bilateral great toenail onychomycosis. The subjects received 4 treatments with the 1,320-nm Nd:YAG laser to the treatment toenail on Days 1, 7, 14, and 60. The control toenail received a sham treatment of cryogen cooling only. Mycologic cultures were obtained at 3-month follow-up visits.

RESULTS: Fifty percent of mycologic cultures were negative at the 3-month follow-up after 4 laser treatments. Toenails had improvement in subungual debris, hypertrophy, and yellowing. Patient satisfaction was upheld as assessed by the Nail Quality of Life Questionnaire.

CONCLUSION: The 1,320-nm Nd:YAG laser may be a safe and effective therapy for improving the appearance of onychomycosis. Additional therapy may be necessary to enhance long-term results. Further investigation needs to explore the optimal treatment settings and the most effective treatment schedule.},
author = {Ortiz, Arisa E and Truong, Sam and Serowka, Kathryn and Kelly, Kristen M},
doi = {10.1097/DSS.0000000000000189},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1\_9.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0000000000000},
issn = {1524-4725},
journal = {Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser},
month = dec,
number = {12},
pages = {1356--60},
pmid = {25357174},
title = {{A 1,320-nm Nd: YAG Laser for Improving the Appearance of Onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25357174},
volume = {40},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Kimura2012,
author = {Kimura, U},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/treating-onycomycosis-with-laser.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Journal of Drugs in \ldots},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser},
number = {4},
pages = {496--504},
title = {{Treating onychomycoses of the toenail: clinical efficacy of the sub-millisecond 1,064 nm Nd: YAG laser using a 5 mm spot diameter}},
url = {http://floridatoenailfungus.com/docs/POD.pdf},
volume = {11},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Gupta2014,
author = {Gupta, Aditya K and Simpson, Fiona and Skin, Hbsc and Letter, Therapy},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/mikrobiota/www.medscape.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {1--10},
title = {{Device­based Therapies for Onychomycosis Treatment}},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Kymplova2014,
author = {Kymplov\'{a}, Jaroslava and Jel\'{\i}nek, Miroslav and Urzov\'{a}, Jana and Mik\v{s}ovsk\'{y}, Jan and Du\v{s}ek, Karel and Bauerov\'{a}, Lenka},
doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/497/1/012022},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/mikrobiota/1742-6596\_497\_1\_012022.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1742-6596},
journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = apr,
pages = {012022},
title = {{Assessment of the Suitability of Excimer Lasers in Treating Onychomycosis}},
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/497/i=1/a=012022?key=crossref.ad30a4c4678cb4720deb7024fafe0cbf},
volume = {497},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Concepts2014,
author = {Concepts, New},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/mikrobiota/Podiatry\_Management\_Noveon\_199\_Patient\_Study.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
number = {August},
title = {{New Concepts and Studies}},
year = {2014}
}
@article{,
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/mikrobiota/2013\_OrlandoOliveiradeMorais.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{No Title}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Morais2013,
author = {Morais, Orlando Oliveira De and Gomes, Ciro Martins and Marreta, Guilherme and Ayres, Cavalcanti},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Morais et al. - Unknown - The use of the ErYAG 2940nm laser associated with amorolfine lacquer in the treatment of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {a onicomicose \'{e} afec\c{c}\~{a}o,abla\c{c}\~{a}o fracionada in vivo,ao esmalte de amo-,aumentar a permeabilidade ungueal,clinicaltrials,clinico,de unhas humanas visando,do total das doen\c{c}as,em atual desenvolvimento usa,frequente,gov,lasers,nct01528813,o laser de er,onychomycosis,representando at\'{e} 50,resumo,solid-state,therapeutics,um ensaio,ungueais,yag 2940nm para realizar},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
pages = {847--849},
title = {{The use of the Er:YAG 2940nm laser associated with amorolfine lacquer in the treatment of onychomycosis *}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Hees2013,
author = {Hees, H and Raulin, C},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/mikrobiota/2013-aktuelle-derma-omy.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Aktuelle Dermatologie},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{Lasertherapie der Onychomykose: Aktueller Stand}},
url = {https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0033-1344197},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Hees2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nd:YAG lasers could be a safe and effective treatment modality for onychomycosis, without the side effects of drugs. Long and short-pulsed Nd:YAG lasers were used in this clinical study in a side-comparison manner without removal of onychomycotic nail material before treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Big toenails of 10 patients were treated twice in a side-comparison manner with the short-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Fungal cultures were taken and a histological examination was performed before treatment and after 9 months. Two independent investigators rated clearance using the "Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI)" and standardized photographs at 3-month intervals.

RESULTS: OSI-Scores decreased for 3.8 (15 \%; p = 0.006), 4.8 (19 \%; p = 0.0002) and 2.9 points (12 \%; p = 0.04) within 3, 6 and 9 months. The positive culture rate at 9 months was significantly reduced to 35 \% (p = 0.0003). Classification of severity of onychomycosis showed no change. The difference between the treatment regimens was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that treatment of onychomycosis with the Nd:YAG laser without removing mycotic nail material can lead to a temporary clinical improvement, a reduction of positive fungal cultures and an improvement of the Onychomycosis Severity Index. The treatment regimen should be optimized to be used as an effective antimycotic monotherapy.},
author = {Hees, Henrik and J\"{a}ger, Michael W and Raulin, Christian},
doi = {10.1111/ddg.12292},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/ddg12292\_suppl(1).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1610-0387},
journal = {Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG},
keywords = {Aged,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Foot Dermatoses: pathology,Foot Dermatoses: radiotherapy,Humans,Laser Therapy, Low-Level,Laser Therapy, Low-Level: methods,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Onychomycosis: pathology,Onychomycosis: radiotherapy,Pilot Projects,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = apr,
number = {4},
pages = {322--9},
pmid = {24628827},
title = {{Treatment of onychomycosis using the 1 064 nm Nd:YAG laser: a clinical pilot study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24628827},
volume = {12},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Lee2015,
author = {Lee, Young Bok and Park, Yong-Gyu},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2014.07.064},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0190962214019033-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {196--7},
pmid = {25497927},
publisher = {American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.},
title = {{Comments on "Lack of efficacy with 1064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser for the treatment of onychomycosis: A randomized controlled trial".}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497927},
volume = {72},
year = {2015}
}
@misc{,
keywords = {onychomycosistoenailnailfungusinfection},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{Onychomycosis: Clinical Considerations and Recommendations}},
url = {http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/c/48932/?t=women's+health,infectious\_disease},
urldate = {2014-12-23}
}
@misc{,
keywords = {fungal diseases,nail disorders,onychomycosis},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{Onychomycosis: Current and Investigational Therapies : Cutis: Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner}},
url = {http://www.cutis.com/home/article/onychomycosis-current-and-investigational-therapies/aa0929d6dbdaec1c3de9f4d202f8dac6.html},
urldate = {2014-12-23}
}
@article{Feldstein2014,
author = {Feldstein, Stephanie and Totri, Christine and Friedlander, Sheila Fallon},
doi = {10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.12.010},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0738081X14003095-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0738081X},
journal = {Clinics in Dermatology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = dec,
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
title = {{Antifungal therapy for onychomycosis in children}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0738081X14003095},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Vila2014,
abstract = {Onychomycoses represent approximately 50 \% of all nail diseases worldwide. In warmer and more humid countries like Brazil, the incidence of onychomycoses caused by non-dermatophyte molds (NDM, including Fusarium spp.) or yeasts (including Candida albicans) has been increasing. Traditional antifungal treatments used for the dermatophyte-borne disease are less effective against onychomycoses caused by NDM. Although some laser and light treatments have demonstrated clinical efficacy against onychomycosis, their US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval as "first-line" therapy is pending, partly due to the lack of well-demonstrated fungicidal activity in a reliable in vitro model. Here, we describe a reliable new in vitro model to determine the fungicidal activity of laser and light therapies against onychomycosis caused by Fusarium oxysporum and C. albicans. Biofilms formed in vitro on sterile human nail fragments were treated with 1064 nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Nd:YAG), 420 nm intense pulsed light (IPL) IPL 420, followed by Nd:YAG, or near-infrared light ((NIR) 700-1400 nm). Light and laser antibiofilm effects were evaluated using cell viability assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All treatments were highly effective against C. albicans and F. oxysporum biofilms, resulting in decreases in cell viability of 45-60 \% for C. albicans and 92-100 \% for F. oxysporum. The model described here yielded fungicidal activities that matched more closely to those observed in the clinic, when compared to published in vitro models for laser and light therapies. Thus, our model might represent an important tool for the initial testing, validation, and "fine-tuning" of laser and light therapies against onychomycosis.},
author = {Vila, Taissa Vieira Machado and Rozental, Sonia and {de S\'{a} Guimar\~{a}es}, Claudia Maria Duarte},
doi = {10.1007/s10103-014-1689-y},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/art\%3A10.1007\%2Fs10103-014-1689-y.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1435-604X},
journal = {Lasers in medical science},
keywords = {biofilms,intense pulsed light,laser therapy,nd,near infrared,onychomycosis,yag},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = dec,
pmid = {25471266},
title = {{A new model of in vitro fungal biofilms formed on human nail fragments allows reliable testing of laser and light therapies against onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25471266},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Lambertz2014,
abstract = {Background: The surgical treatment method in which the peritoneal cavity is opened anteriorly and deliberately left open, hence often called "open abdomen" has become the standard of care in damage-control procedures as well as in the management of intra-abdominal hypertension and in severe intra-abdominal sepsis. Whereas open abdomen has been closed in two stages traditionally, a modern trend is to close the fascial layers within the initial hospitalization to avoid complications like enterocutaneous fistula and hernia formation. The aim of this study was to determine crucial factors influencing the possibility of fascial closure after open abdomen. Methods: Between 2003 and 2013, 355 adult patients were treated with open abdomen in our institution. Their data were collected and retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups depending on fascial closure or not (fascial closure, n = 137 (39\%) vs. non-fascial closure, n = 218 (61\%)). Results: The patients who reached fascial closure had a significantly higher rate of initially performed open abdomen (97 patients (71\%) vs. 118 (54\%), p = 0.002) and the periods of time until a second and a third look operation were significantly shorter (2.7 ± 2.5 vs. 4.2 ± 6.6 days, p = 0.021 and 5.6 ± 3.7 vs. 8.5 ± 8.6 days, p = 0.006). Furthermore, the presence of peritonitis (64 patients (47\%) vs. 83 patients (38\%), p = 0.023) and large bowel resection (74 patients (54\%) vs. 90 patients (41\%), p = 0.022) were significantly higher in this group. Rates of in-hospital mortality (97 patients (44\%) vs. 38 patients (28\%), p = 0.002) and the presence of pancreatitis (19 patients (9\%) vs. 3 patients (2\%), p = 0.013) were significantly higher in the non-fascial closure group. Conclusions: The probability to reach fascial closure after open abdomen seems to increase when open abdomen is performed initially and when early second and third look operations are performed. The presence of pancreatitis seems to be the only negative prognostic marker concerning fascial closure.},
author = {Lambertz, a and Mihatsch, Ch and R\"{o}th, a and Kalverkamp, S and Eickhoff, R and Neumann, U P and Klink, C D and Junge, K},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.11.025},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1-s2.0-S1743919114009856-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1743-9159},
journal = {International journal of surgery (London, England)},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = nov,
pages = {12--16},
pmid = {25447607},
title = {{Fascial closure after open abdomen: Initial indication and early revisions are decisive factors - A retrospective cohort study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25447607},
volume = {13C},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Ortiz2014a,
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection that affects many individuals. Systemic therapies are effective, but are limited by their side effects and potential for hepatotoxicity. Topical therapies have less serious side effects, yet provide only limited efficacy due to their inability to penetrate the nail plate. These limitations have led to the investigation of laser and light-based modalities as alternative treatment options for onychomycosis. This article will provide an overview and critical assessment of the field of laser and other energy-based treatments for onychomycosis.

STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted on laser and light-based treatments for onychomycosis.

RESULTS: Early data are promising, however, many of these studies are small or poorly designed.

CONCLUSION: Further evaluation and larger studies are needed to determine the optimal light source, pulse duration, and treatment schedule for long-term success.},
author = {Ortiz, Arisa E and Avram, Mathew M and Wanner, Molly a},
doi = {10.1002/lsm.22211},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/lsm22211.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1096-9101},
journal = {Lasers in surgery and medicine},
keywords = {Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: therapy,Humans,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: therapy,Photochemotherapy,Photochemotherapy: methods,Photosensitizing Agents,Photosensitizing Agents: therapeutic use,Treatment Outcome,Ultraviolet Therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = feb,
number = {2},
pages = {117--24},
pmid = {24375507},
title = {{A review of lasers and light for the treatment of onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24375507},
volume = {46},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Pharaon2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The clinical presentation of onychomycosis is often nonspecific and can lead to inappropriate antifungal therapy. Available mycologic tests share many drawbacks.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the accuracy of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) for the diagnosis of onychomycosis compared with standard mycologic tests.

METHODS: In all, 58 patients with suspected onychomycosis were enrolled prospectively. RCM, potassium hydroxide preparation, and fungal culture were performed at baseline and after treatment in patients with confirmed onychomycosis. RCM diagnosis of onychomycosis was based on the presence of filamentous and/or roundish structures in the nail plate, corresponding respectively to septate hyphae and/or arthroconidia.

RESULTS: Of patients, 46 of 58 were correctly classified by RCM, with a diagnosis yield of 79.3\%, sensitivity of 52.9\%, specificity of 90.2\%, positive predictive value of 69.2\%, and negative predictive value of 82.2\%. The use of a handheld RCM imager permitted a faster examination with the same accuracy. RCM performed after treatment in 9 patients showed a normal nail plate, and healing was confirmed by mycologic tests or by follow-up.

LIMITATIONS: Existing RCM scanner heads are not intended for nail examination.

CONCLUSION: RCM has excellent specificity and can be used as a rapid, office-based test to strengthen the prescription of antifungal therapy and for follow-up. Technical improvement could aid sensitivity.},
author = {Pharaon, Momen and Gari-Toussaint, Martine and Khemis, Abdallah and Zorzi, Kevin and Petit, Laurent and Martel, Philippe and Baran, Robert and Ortonne, Jean Paul and Passeron, Thierry and Lacour, Jean Philippe and Bahadoran, Philippe},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2014.02.020},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0190962214011372-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Aged,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: therapy,Humans,Microscopy, Confocal,Microscopy, Confocal: methods,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: therapy,Prospective Studies,Sensitivity and Specificity},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = jul,
number = {1},
pages = {56--61},
pmid = {24786418},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{Diagnosis and treatment monitoring of toenail onychomycosis by reflectance confocal microscopy: prospective cohort study in 58 patients.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24786418},
volume = {71},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Wiederhold2014,
abstract = {The in vitro activities of luliconazole, amorolfine, ciclopirox, and terbinafine were determined against 320 dermatophyte isolates from large toenails of onychomycosis patients enrolled into an ongoing phase 2b/3 clinical study. The geometric mean MIC for luliconazole was 0.00022 $\mu$g/ml against all isolates, compared to 0.0194 to 0.3107 $\mu$g/ml for the three other agents. The in vitro potency of luliconazole was maintained regardless of the dermatophyte species.},
author = {Wiederhold, Nathan P and Fothergill, Annette W and McCarthy, Dora I and Tavakkol, Amir},
doi = {10.1128/AAC.02706-13},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.-2014-Wiederhold-3553-5.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1098-6596},
journal = {Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = jun,
number = {6},
pages = {3553--5},
pmid = {24709260},
title = {{Luliconazole demonstrates potent in vitro activity against dermatophytes recovered from patients with onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4068440\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {58},
year = {2014}
}
@article{WendyCantrell2014,
author = {{Wendy Cantrell}, Tiffany T Mayo},
doi = {10.4172/2332-0877.1000148},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/can-we-prevent-onychomycosis-2332-0877.1000148.pdf:pdf},
issn = {23320877},
journal = {Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
number = {04},
pages = {2--4},
title = {{Can we Prevent Onychomycosis?}},
url = {http://esciencecentral.org/journals/can-we-prevent-onychomycosis-2332-0877.1000148.php?aid=27619},
volume = {02},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Ameen2014,
author = {Ameen, M and Lear, J T and Madan, V and {Mohd Mustapa}, M F and Richardson, M},
doi = {10.1111/bjd.13358},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/Onychomycosis\_guidelines\_2014.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2133},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = nov,
number = {5},
pages = {937--58},
pmid = {25409999},
title = {{British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the management of onychomycosis 2014.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409999},
volume = {171},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Chan2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A survey was conducted amongst 1,017 Hong Kong residents ages 18 and over to determine their knowledge of fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) and the psychosocial impact of the disease on the relationships, social lives and careers of sufferers.

METHODS: The Fungal Nail Perception Survey was conducted by email and online between May 29th and June 10th, 2013. Participants were shown three photographs of people with and without onychomycosis of the toenails. Respondents were asked ten questions (repeated for each picture) to ascertain their perceptions of the people in the pictures. Questions were related to perceptions around the ability of sufferers and non-sufferers to form relationships with others, social activities of sufferers and non-sufferers, perceptions of the effect of the disease on the potential for career success, and awareness of fungal nail disease and health. The sub-population who themselves suffered from onychomycosis were asked about self-perception as well as their perception of others with onychomycosis.

RESULTS: Compared with non-sufferers, survey respondents perceived those with onychomycosis as less likely to be able to form good relationships. They also indicated that they would be more likely to exclude sufferers than non-sufferers from social activities and that they would be more likely to feel uncomfortable when sitting or standing beside an infected person than beside an uninfected person. Respondents perceived people with onychomycosis to be less able to perform well in their chosen career than with someone without onychomycosis. Interestingly, those respondents who themselves were infected felt socially excluded, upset and embarrassed by their infection.

CONCLUSIONS: Onychomycosis may lead to stigmatization and social exclusion. Misconceptions of onychomycosis are high and education about the disease needs to be improved. Early recognition and treatment of the disease is essential to avoid complications and improve treatment outcomes, which would lead to reduced psychosocial impact on those with fungal nail infections.},
author = {Chan, Henry Hl and Wong, Emma T and Yeung, Chi Keung},
doi = {10.1186/1751-0759-8-15},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1751-0759-8-15.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1751-0759},
journal = {BioPsychoSocial medicine},
keywords = {Fungal nail infection,Hong Kong,Onychomycosis,Perception,Psychosocial,correspondence,drcyeung,fungal nail infection,hk,hku,hong kong,onychomycosis,perception,psychosocial},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {15},
pmid = {25057286},
title = {{Psychosocial perception of adults with onychomycosis: a blinded, controlled comparison of 1,017 adult Hong Kong residents with or without onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4107486\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {8},
year = {2014}
}
@article{GalvanGarcia2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Laser Treatment of onychomycosis is a quick and easy method without complications.

AIM: Laser therapy is efficient for the Treatment of onychomycosis.

MATERIAL \& METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients with a KOH (+) confirmed clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis were included in this study, all of the patients were treated in a single sesi\'{o}n with a 1064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) q-switch laser.

RESULTS: There was a 100\% clinical response rate within the 9 month follow-up period with no side effects. CONCLUSI\'{O}N: This method is proposed as a novel and safe method for the treatment of this ungual pathology.},
author = {{Galvan Garcia}, Hector Ricardo},
doi = {10.1111/jocd.12102},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/jocd12102.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1473-2165},
journal = {Journal of cosmetic dermatology},
keywords = {nd,onychomycosis,yag laser},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = sep,
number = {3},
pages = {232--5},
pmid = {25196691},
title = {{Onychomycosis: 1064-nm Nd:YAG q-switch laser treatment.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25196691},
volume = {13},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Gupta2014a,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail and is the most common nail affliction in the general population. Certain patient populations are at greater risk of infection and the prevalence of onychomycosis reported in the literature has yet to be summarized across these at-risk groups. We performed a systematic review of the literature and calculated pooled prevalence estimates of onychomycosis in at-risk patient populations. The prevalence of dermatophyte toenail onychomycosis was as follows: general population 3.22\% (3.07, 3.38), children 0.14\% (0.11, 0.18), the elderly 10.28\% (8.63, 12.18), diabetic patients 8.75\% (7.48, 10.21), psoriatic patients 10.22\% (8.61, 12.09), HIV positive patients 10.40\% (8.02, 13.38), dialysis patients 11.93\% (7.11, 19.35) and renal transplant patients 5.17\% (1.77, 14.14). Dialysis patients had the highest prevalence of onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes, elderly individuals had the highest prevalence of onychomycosis caused by yeasts (6.07\%; 95\% CI = 3.58, 10.11) and psoriatic patients had the highest prevalence of onychomycosis caused by non-dermatophyte moulds (2.49\%; 95\% CI = 1.74, 3.55). An increased prevalence of onychomycosis in certain patient populations may be attributed to impaired immunity, reduced peripheral circulation and alterations to the nail plate which render these patients more susceptible to infection.},
author = {Gupta, a K and Daigle, D and Foley, K a},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.12873},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/jdv12873.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1468-3083},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = nov,
number = {February},
pages = {1--6},
pmid = {25413984},
title = {{The prevalence of culture-confirmed toenail onychomycosis in at-risk patient populations.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413984},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Paper,
author = {Paper, White},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/yag\_laser\_procedure.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{Evaluation of a short pulse Nd:YAG Laser Procedure for Infected Nails—A Retrospective International Multicenter Study of 262 Patients}}
}
@article{Kim2014,
author = {Kim, Yu Ri and Lee, Yang Won and Choe, Yong Beom and Ahn, Kyu Joong},
doi = {10.1007/s10103-014-1578-4},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/art\%3A10.1007\%2Fs10103-014-1578-4.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1435-604X},
journal = {Lasers in medical science},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = apr,
pages = {18--20},
pmid = {24740521},
title = {{Lack of antifungal effect of 1,064-nm long pulse Nd:YAG laser on the growth of Trichophyton rubrum.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24740521},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Atema2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Several challenging clinical situations in patients with peritonitis can result in an open abdomen (OA) and subsequent temporary abdominal closure (TAC). Indications and treatment choices differ among surgeons. The risk of fistula development and the possibility to achieve delayed fascial closure differ between techniques. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the OA and TAC in peritonitis patients, to analyze indications and to assess delayed fascial closure, enteroatmospheric fistula and mortality rate, overall and per TAC technique.

METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for studies describing the OA in patients of whom 50 \% or more had peritonitis of a non-traumatic origin.

RESULTS: The search identified 74 studies describing 78 patient series, comprising 4,358 patients of which 3,461 (79 \%) had peritonitis. The overall quality of the included studies was low and the indications for open abdominal management differed considerably. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) was the most frequent described TAC technique (38 of 78 series). The highest weighted fascial closure rate was found in series describing NPWT with continuous mesh or suture mediated fascial traction (6 series, 463 patients: 73.1 \%, 95 \% confidence interval 63.3-81.0 \%) and dynamic retention sutures (5 series, 77 patients: 73.6 \%, 51.1-88.1 \%). Weighted rates of fistula varied from 5.7 \% after NPWT with fascial traction (2.2-14.1 \%), 14.6 \% (12.1-17.6 \%) for NPWT only, and 17.2 \% after mesh inlay (17.2-29.5 \%).

CONCLUSION: Although the best results in terms of achieving delayed fascial closure and risk of enteroatmospheric fistula were shown for NPWT with continuous fascial traction, the overall quality of the available evidence was poor, and uniform recommendations cannot be made.},
author = {Atema, J J and Gans, S L and Boermeester, M a},
doi = {10.1007/s00268-014-2883-6},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/art\%3A10.1007\%2Fs00268-014-2883-6.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0026801428836},
issn = {1432-2323},
journal = {World journal of surgery},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = dec,
pmid = {25446477},
title = {{Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Open Abdomen and Temporary Abdominal Closure Techniques in Non-trauma Patients.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446477},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Bhatta2014,
abstract = {It has always been difficult to treat onychomycosis due to decrease ability of topical agents to penetrate the nail and reach the affected nail bed. Oral antifungal have shown good response but due to longer duration course it has potential to cause systemic side effects, leading to patient non-adherence and adverse events. Lasers, therefore, have been suggested for the treatment of onychomycosis due to their minimally invasive nature and the potential for requiring fewer treatment sessions. The aim of writing this article is to review a literature regarding treatment of onychomycosis by laser. This article will discuss about all the available laser treatment options for onychomycosis as well as their currently published, peer-reviewed literature.},
author = {Bhatta, Anil K and Huang, Xin and Keyal, Uma and Zhao, Jun Jing},
doi = {10.1111/myc.12225},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/myc12225.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1439-0507},
journal = {Mycoses},
keywords = {laser treatment,onychomycosis,trichophyton rubrum},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = dec,
number = {12},
pages = {734--40},
pmid = {25100500},
title = {{Laser treatment for onychomycosis: a review.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25100500},
volume = {57},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Hees2014a,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nd:YAG lasers could be a safe and effective treatment modality for onychomycosis, without the side effects of drugs. Long and short-pulsed Nd:YAG lasers were used in this clinical study in a side-comparison manner without removal of onychomycotic nail material before treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Big toenails of 10 patients were treated twice in a side-comparison manner with the short-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Fungal cultures were taken and a histological examination was performed before treatment and after 9 months. Two independent investigators rated clearance using the "Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI)" and standardized photographs at 3-month intervals.

RESULTS: OSI-Scores decreased for 3.8 (15 \%; p = 0.006), 4.8 (19 \%; p = 0.0002) and 2.9 points (12 \%; p = 0.04) within 3, 6 and 9 months. The positive culture rate at 9 months was significantly reduced to 35 \% (p = 0.0003). Classification of severity of onychomycosis showed no change. The difference between the treatment regimens was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that treatment of onychomycosis with the Nd:YAG laser without removing mycotic nail material can lead to a temporary clinical improvement, a reduction of positive fungal cultures and an improvement of the Onychomycosis Severity Index. The treatment regimen should be optimized to be used as an effective antimycotic monotherapy.},
author = {Hees, Henrik and J\"{a}ger, Michael W and Raulin, Christian},
doi = {10.1111/ddg.12292},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/ddg12292.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1610-0387},
journal = {Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG},
keywords = {Aged,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Foot Dermatoses: pathology,Foot Dermatoses: radiotherapy,Humans,Laser Therapy, Low-Level,Laser Therapy, Low-Level: methods,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Onychomycosis: pathology,Onychomycosis: radiotherapy,Pilot Projects,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = apr,
number = {4},
pages = {322--9},
pmid = {24628827},
title = {{Treatment of onychomycosis using the 1 064 nm Nd:YAG laser: a clinical pilot study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24628827},
volume = {12},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Hollmig2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Laser therapies have been Food and Drug Administration approved for temporary nail plate clearance; however, there is minimal evidence of their long-term efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the clinical and mycological clearance of toenails treated with 1064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser versus no treatment.

METHODS: This was a randomized, controlled, single-center trial comparing 2 treatments with 1064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (fluence of 5 J/cm(2), rate of 6 Hz) spaced 2 weeks apart versus no treatment in 27 patients (N = 125 affected nails) with clinical and mycological diagnosis of onychomycosis. At 3 months, patients were assessed with mycological cultures and proximal nail plate measurements. Patients treated with laser were also assessed with proximal nail plate measurements at 12 months.

RESULTS: At 3 months, 33\% of patients treated with laser achieved a negative mycological culture compared with 20\% of the control group (P = .49), and had more proximal nail plate clearance compared with control subjects (0.44 vs 0.15 mm, P = .18), which was not statistically significant. At 12 months, there was no difference in nail plate clearance between laser versus control subjects (0.24 vs 0.15 mm, P = .59).

LIMITATIONS: Our study was limited by the small sample size and number of treatments.

CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant mycological culture or clinical nail plate clearance with 1064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser compared with control.},
author = {Hollmig, S Tyler and Rahman, Zakia and Henderson, Michael T and Rotatori, R Maxwell and Gladstone, Hayes and Tang, Jean Y},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2013.12.024},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0190962214009876-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: surgery,Humans,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: surgery,Retreatment,Treatment Failure,Young Adult},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = may,
number = {5},
pages = {911--7},
pmid = {24641985},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{Lack of efficacy with 1064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser for the treatment of onychomycosis: a randomized, controlled trial.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24641985},
volume = {70},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Sigurgeirsson2014,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a common disorder, and high prevalence figures are commonly cited in the literature.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the prevalence of onychomycosis based on published studies.

METHODS: Relevant studies were identified in Medline by using specific search criteria.

RESULTS: Eleven population-based and 21 hospital-based studies were identified. The mean prevalence in Europe and North America was 4.3\% [95\% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.9-6.8] in the population-based studies, but it was 8.9\% (95\% CI: 4.3-13.6) for the hospital-based studies. Both population-based and hospital-based studies showed that onychomycosis is more common in toenails and is seen more frequently in males. The main causative agent was a dermatophyte in 65.0\% (95\% CI: 51.9-78.1) of the cases. Trichophyton rubrum was the single most common fungus and was cultured on average in 44.9\% of the cases (95\% CI: 33.8-56.0). Moulds were found on average in 13.3\% (95\% CI: 4.6-22.1) and yeasts in 21.1\% (95\% CI: 11.0-31.3).

LIMITATIONS: We may not have been able to locate all studies.

CONCLUSIONS: Onychomycosis is a common disorder, but it may not be as common as cited in the literature, because hospital-based studies might overestimate the prevalence of onychomycosis. It is more frequent in males, and toenails are more commonly affected. Dermatophytes, particularly T. rubrum, are the main causative agents.},
author = {Sigurgeirsson, B and Baran, R},
doi = {10.1111/jdv.12323},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/The prevalence of onychomycosis in the global popu.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1468-3083},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = nov,
number = {11},
pages = {1480--91},
pmid = {24283696},
title = {{The prevalence of onychomycosis in the global population - a literature study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24283696},
volume = {28},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Yin2013,
abstract = {Owing to the worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance, researchers are investigating alternative anti-infective strategies to which it is supposed microorganisms will be unable to develop resistance. Prominent among these strategies, is a group of approaches which rely on light to deliver the killing blow. As is well known, ultraviolet light, particularly UVC (200-280 nm), is germicidal, but it has not been much developed as an anti-infective approach until recently, when it was realized that the possible adverse effects to host tissue were relatively minor compared to its high activity in killing pathogens. Photodynamic therapy is the combination of non-toxic photosensitizing dyes with harmless visible light that together produce abundant destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Certain cationic dyes or photosensitizers have good specificity for binding to microbial cells while sparing host mammalian cells and can be used for treating many localized infections, both superficial and even deep-seated by using fiber optic delivered light. Many microbial cells are highly sensitive to killing by blue light (400-470 nm) due to accumulation of naturally occurring photosensitizers such as porphyrins and flavins. Near infrared light has also been shown to have antimicrobial effects against certain species. Clinical applications of these technologies include skin, dental, wound, stomach, nasal, toenail and other infections which are amenable to effective light delivery.},
author = {Yin, Rui and Dai, Tianhong and Avci, Pinar and Jorge, Ana Elisa Serafim and de Melo, Wanessa C M a and Vecchio, Daniela and Huang, Ying-Ying and Gupta, Asheesh and Hamblin, Michael R},
doi = {10.1016/j.coph.2013.08.009},
file = {:home/wojtek/Downloads/Yin COPHAR.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1471-4973},
journal = {Current opinion in pharmacology},
keywords = {Animals,Anti-Infective Agents,Anti-Infective Agents: administration \& dosage,Bacterial Infections,Bacterial Infections: drug therapy,Drug Resistance, Microbial,Humans,Light,Mycoses,Mycoses: drug therapy,Photochemotherapy,Photosensitizing Agents,Photosensitizing Agents: administration \& dosage,Virus Diseases,Virus Diseases: drug therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
month = oct,
number = {5},
pages = {731--62},
pmid = {24060701},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Light based anti-infectives: ultraviolet C irradiation, photodynamic therapy, blue light, and beyond.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3831650\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {13},
year = {2013}
}
@article{,
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
title = {{No Title}},
url = {http://joannabriggslibrary.org/jbilibrary/index.php/jbisrir/article/view/979/1630}
}
@article{Kalokasidis,
author = {Kalokasidis, Kostas and Onder, Meltem and Trakatelli, Myrto-georgia},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Kalokasidis, Onder, Trakatelli - Unknown - The effect of Q-Switched Nd YAG 1064nm 532 nm laser in the treatment of onychomycosis in vi.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {1--29},
title = {{The effect of Q-Switched Nd : YAG 1064nm / 532 nm laser in the treatment of onychomycosis in vivo}}
}
@misc{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - US20130041308A1.pdf.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{US20130041308A1.pdf}}
}
@article{Crawford2009,
author = {Crawford, F and Hollis, S},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Crawford, Hollis - 2009 - Topical treatments for fungal infections of the skin and nails of the foot . ( Review ).pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {3},
title = {{Topical treatments for fungal infections of the skin and nails of the foot . ( Review )}},
year = {2009}
}
@misc{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - ESLD - Fritz Laser treatment for onychomycoses (2) (1) (1).pptx:pptx},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{ESLD - Fritz Laser treatment for onychomycoses (2) (1) (1)}}
}
@article{Gupta2012,
abstract = {Device-based therapies are the most rapidly expanding area of onychomycosis treatment. Traditional pharmacotherapy of onychomycosis has a low to moderate efficacy and is associated with adverse reactions and drug interactions that limit its use in many patients. These new therapies include laser systems, photodynamic therapy, iontophoresis, and ultrasound. Device-based therapies are procedures conducted in the clinic by a trained professional, which mitigates the requirement for long-term patient compliance. In addition, the drug component of these therapies is topical, preventing the adverse events associated with systemic antifungal administration, and potentially allowing for the treatment of individuals who were previously excluded due to drug interactions. Device-based therapy is a nascent field, so clinical data is still in an emergent stage; however, preliminary clinical trials of laser, photodynamic therapy, and iontophoresis suggest that some devices may have a degree of efficacy. More studies are required to better determine their ability to treat onychomycosis.},
author = {Gupta, Aditya K and Simpson, Fiona C},
doi = {10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01519.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Gupta, Simpson - 2012 - Medical devices for the treatment of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1529-8019},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
keywords = {iontophoresis,laser,onychomycosis,photodynamic therapy,ultrasound},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = nov,
number = {6},
pages = {574--81},
pmid = {23210756},
title = {{Medical devices for the treatment of onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23210756},
volume = {25},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Ledon2012,
abstract = {More than just a cosmetic concern, onychomycosis is a prevalent and extremely difficult condition to treat. In older and diabetic populations, severe onychomycosis may possibly serve as a nidus for infection, and other more serious complications may ensue. Many treatment modalities for the treatment of onychomycosis have been studied, including topical lacquers and ointments, oral antifungals, surgical and chemical nail avulsion, and lasers. Due to their minimally invasive nature and potential to restore clear nail growth with relatively few sessions, lasers have become a popular option in the treatment of onychomycosis for both physicians and patients. Laser or light systems that have been investigated for this indication include the carbon dioxide, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, 870/930-nm combination, and femtosecond infrared 800-nm lasers, in addition to photodynamic and ultraviolet light therapy. This systematic review will discuss each of these modalities as well as their respective currently published, peer-reviewed literature.},
author = {Ledon, Jennifer a and Savas, Jessica and Franca, Katlein and Chacon, Anna and Nouri, Keyvan},
doi = {10.1007/s10103-012-1232-y},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Ledon et al. - 2012 - Laser and light therapy for onychomycosis a systematic review.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1435-604X},
journal = {Lasers in medical science},
keywords = {lasers,light therapy,onychomycosis},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = nov,
number = {Table 2},
pmid = {23179307},
title = {{Laser and light therapy for onychomycosis: a systematic review.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23179307},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Optima,
author = {Optima, Mira and Optima, Verdi-pumped Mira and Mira, Mira Optima},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Optima, Optima, Mira - Unknown - Ti Sapphire Lasers Modelocked Ti Sapphire Lasers C O H E R E N T , I N C .pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Ti : Sapphire Lasers Modelocked Ti : Sapphire Lasers C O H E R E N T , I N C .}}
}
@article{Landsman2012,
abstract = {We have previously reported the results of a clinical trial in which the Noveon laser was used to treat onychomycosis. In the 180-day follow-up therein it was noted that positive clinical impact was demonstrable by a clearly measurable decrease in positive fungal culture and a concomitant decrease in positive microscopy with periodic acid-Schiff-stained nail scrapings. Review of 270-day mycological data, which are now available, confirmed that there was further decrease in both measures. Indeed, 38\% of the treated population had negative culture and microscopy, qualifying as "mycological cures." These mycological cures occurred in cases categorized as mild, moderate, and even severe disease.},
author = {Landsman, Adam S and Robbins, Alan H},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Landsman, Robbins - 2012 - Treatment of mild, moderate, and severe onychomycosis using 870- and 930-nm light exposure some follow-up obs.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1930-8264},
journal = {Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: radiotherapy,Humans,Laser Therapy, Low-Level,Laser Therapy, Low-Level: methods,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: radiotherapy,Severity of Illness Index,Young Adult},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {2},
pages = {169--71},
pmid = {22461276},
title = {{Treatment of mild, moderate, and severe onychomycosis using 870- and 930-nm light exposure: some follow-up observations at 270 days.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22461276},
volume = {102},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Francuzik,
author = {Francuzik, Wojciech and Fritz, Klaus and Janecka, Anna},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Francuzik, Fritz, Janecka - Unknown - Onychomycosis are laser and light sources effective.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Onychomycosis are laser and light sources effective?}}
}
@article{In2009,
author = {In, S K and Color, O F},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/In, Color - 2009 - SPECIAL TOPIC Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply PIPELINE PREVIEWS Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply.pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/In, Color - 2009 - SPECIAL TOPIC Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply PIPELINE PREVIEWS Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{SPECIAL TOPIC : Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply PIPELINE PREVIEWS Do Not Copy , Penalties Apply}},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Removal2003,
author = {Removal, Effective Hair},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Removal - 2003 - Dualis SP – The Most Versatile Laser System in Aesthetic Medicine From Gentle Skin Resurfacing to Effective Rejuven.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {0--1},
title = {{Dualis SP – The Most Versatile Laser System in Aesthetic Medicine From Gentle Skin Resurfacing to Effective Rejuvenation Treatments Effective Hair Removal and Vascular Treatments for All Skin Types Dualis SP Fulfills Your Customer ’ s Needs A Sample of th}},
volume = {2003},
year = {2003}
}
@article{Wanitphakdeedecha,
author = {Wanitphakdeedecha, Rungsima and Thanomkitti, Kanchalit and Bunyaratavej, Sumanas and Eimpunth, Sasima and Manuskiatti, Woraphong},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wanitphakdeedecha et al. - Unknown - The Efficacy and Safety of 1064 nm NdYAG Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis – Thai Experienc.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{The Efficacy and Safety of 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis – Thai Experiences}}
}
@article{Nandanan,
author = {Nandanan, Naveen and Fisher, Juliya and Siegel, Daniel M and Markowitz, Orit},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Nandanan et al. - Unknown - Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {Figure 2},
pages = {4},
title = {{Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Onychomycosis}}
}
@article{Verrier2012,
abstract = {A fast and reliable assay for the identification of dermatophyte fungi and nondermatophyte fungi (NDF) in onychomycosis is essential, since NDF are especially difficult to cure using standard treatment. Diagnosis is usually based on both direct microscopic examination of nail scrapings and macroscopic and microscopic identification of the infectious fungus in culture assays. In the last decade, PCR assays have been developed for the direct detection of fungi in nail samples. In this study, we describe a PCR-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) assay to directly and routinely identify the infecting fungi in nails. Fungal DNA was easily extracted using a commercial kit after dissolving nail fragments in an Na(2)S solution. Trichophyton spp., as well as 12 NDF, could be unambiguously identified by the specific restriction fragment size of 5'-end-labeled amplified 28S DNA. This assay enables the distinction of different fungal infectious agents and their identification in mixed infections. Infectious agents could be identified in 74\% (162/219) of cases in which the culture results were negative. The PCR-TRFLP assay described here is simple and reliable. Furthermore, it has the possibility to be automated and thus routinely applied to the rapid diagnosis of a large number of clinical specimens in dermatology laboratories.},
author = {Verrier, Julie and Pronina, Marina and Peter, Corinne and Bontems, Olympia and Fratti, Marina and Salamin, Karine and Sch\"{u}rch, St\'{e}phanie and Gindro, Katia and Wolfender, Jean-Luc and Harshman, Keith and Monod, Michel},
doi = {10.1128/JCM.05164-11},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Verrier et al. - 2012 - Identification of infectious agents in onychomycoses by PCR-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1098-660X},
journal = {Journal of clinical microbiology},
keywords = {DNA, Fungal,DNA, Fungal: genetics,DNA, Fungal: isolation \& purification,Fungi,Fungi: classification,Fungi: genetics,Fungi: isolation \& purification,Humans,Nails,Nails: microbiology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Polymerase Chain Reaction,Polymerase Chain Reaction: methods,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length,Time Factors},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = mar,
number = {3},
pages = {553--61},
pmid = {22170903},
title = {{Identification of infectious agents in onychomycoses by PCR-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3295142\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {50},
year = {2012}
}
@article{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - Type of Onychomycosis Number of Toes Halluces.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {1},
title = {{Type of Onychomycosis Number of Toes / Halluces}}
}
@article{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - 2012 - sUMMARIES of laha and kc bme sYMPOSIUM 2012 .pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {1},
pages = {2012},
title = {{sUMMARIES of laha and kc bme sYMPOSIUM 2012 }},
volume = {2012},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Bessinger2010,
author = {Bessinger, G Todd},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bessinger - 2010 - Treatment of Onychomycosis with the JOULE ® ClearSense ™.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Treatment of Onychomycosis * with the JOULE ® ClearSense ™}},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Clara2012,
author = {Clara, Santa},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2012.20.018},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Clara - 2012 - S 7157.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {5 treatment groups,and randomly assigned to,background trichophyton rubrum,causative agent of dermatophytosis,electromicroscope,in,is the most common,laser,methods colonies of t,of laser irradiation on,of t,one colony per plate,rubrum,rubrum were isolated,t,the growth and morphology,this study,trichophyton rubrum,ultrastructure,we examined the effect,worldwide},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {2011},
pages = {3697--3700},
title = {{S 7157}},
volume = {125},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Tchernev2012,
abstract = {The medical term onychomycosis should be understood as chronic infection of the nails caused by a fungus. The most common causative agents are the dermatophytes and Candida species. The less common are certain types of moulds (nondermatophyte moulds or NDMs). In approximately 60-80 \% of the cases, onychomycosis is due to dermatophytes. Among dermatophytes, the most often isolated causative pathogen is Trichophyton (T.) rubrum. Other common species are T. interdigitale (formerly T. mentagrophytes), Epidermophyton floccosum, and T. tonsurans. The most significant yeasts causing onychomycosis are Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. Predisposing factors for onychomycosis include mainly diseases such as diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular arterial disease, chronic venous insufficiency, polyneuropathies of diverse etiologies, and immunosuppression, e.g., myeloproliferative diseases (such as lymphoma and paraproteinemia), HIV/AIDS, etc. Other factors facilitating the fungal infection are frequent trauma in professional sportsmen, often accompanied by excessive perspiration. The diagnostic methods that are often applied in different dermatologic departments and ambulatory units are also different. This precludes the creation of a unified diagnostic algorithm that could be used everywhere as a possible standard. In most of the cases, the method of choice depends on the specialist's individual experience. The therapeutic approach depends mostly on the fungal organism identified by the dermatologist or mycologist. This review hereby includes the conventional as well as the newest and most reliable and modern methods used for the identification of the pathogens causing onychomycosis. Moreover, detailed information is suggested, about the choice of therapeutic scheme in case whether dermatophytes, moulds, or yeasts have been identified as causative agents. A thorough discussion of the schemes and duration of the antifungal therapy in certain groups of patients have been included.},
author = {Tchernev, Georgi and Penev, Plamen Kolev and Nenoff, Pietro and Zisova, Liliya Georgieva and Cardoso, Jos\'{e} Carlos and Taneva, Teodora and Ginter-Hanselmayer, Gabriele and Ananiev, Julian and Gulubova, Maya and Hristova, Reni and Nocheva, Desislava and Guarneri, Claudio and Martino, G and Kanazawa, Nobuo},
doi = {10.1007/s10354-012-0139-3},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Tchernev et al. - 2012 - Onychomycosis modern diagnostic and treatment approaches.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1563-258X},
journal = {Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = sep,
pages = {1--12},
pmid = {23053563},
title = {{Onychomycosis: modern diagnostic and treatment approaches.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23053563},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Sattler2012,
abstract = {Nail disorders can be diagnostically challenging to the dermatologist. Noninvasive methods might help to avoid nail biopsies. More knowledge of the typical features of healthy nails with these techniques is needed for comparison with nail diseases.},
author = {Sattler, E and Kaestle, R and Rothmund, G and Welzel, J},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10730.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Sattler et al. - 2012 - Confocal laser scanning microscopy, optical coherence tomography and transonychial water loss for in vivo invest.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2133},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
keywords = {Adult,Body Water,Body Water: physiology,Female,Handwashing,Humans,Male,Microscopy, Confocal,Middle Aged,Nail Diseases,Nail Diseases: diagnosis,Nail Diseases: physiopathology,Nails,Nails: anatomy \& histology,Nails: physiology,Prospective Studies,Tomography, Optical Coherence,Water Loss, Insensible,Water Loss, Insensible: physiology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = apr,
number = {4},
pages = {740--6},
pmid = {22059869},
title = {{Confocal laser scanning microscopy, optical coherence tomography and transonychial water loss for in vivo investigation of nails.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22059869},
volume = {166},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Hospital2012,
author = {Hospital, Beijing Friendship and Hospital, China-japan Friendship},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2012.18.017},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hospital, Hospital - 2012 - Long-pulse Nd YAG 1064-nm laser treatment for onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {8610631397},
keywords = {1064-nm laser on 154,background recent research shows,fungal growth and that,laser,long-pulse nd,nails of 33 patients,nd,onychomycosis,penetrate as deep as,proven onychomycosis,study was to observe,that lasers can inhibit,the aim of this,the effect of a,the lower nail plate,treatment,with clinically and mycologically,yag,yag 1064-nm lasers can},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {18},
pages = {3288--3291},
title = {{Long-pulse Nd : YAG 1064-nm laser treatment for onychomycosis}},
volume = {125},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Rothmund2012,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is common and can mimic several different nail disorders. Accurate diagnosis is essential to choose the optimum antifungal therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) as new non-invasive diagnostic tools in onychomycosis and to compare them with the established techniques. In a prospective trial, 50 patients with suspected onychomycosis and 10 controls were examined by CLSM and OCT. Parallel KOH preparation, culture, PAS-staining and PCR were performed. PCR showed the highest sensitivity, followed by CLSM, PAS and KOH preparation. OCT offered the second best sensitivity but displayed the lowest specificity. CLSM and KOH preparation showed a high specificity and CLSM offered the best positive predictive value, similar to KOH preparation and OCT. Fungal culture showed the lowest sensitivity and the worst negative predictive value, yet culture and PCR are the only techniques able to identify genus and species. In summary, CLSM was comparable to PAS staining and superior to KOH preparation. Due to the low specificity we assess OCT not as appropriate. In the differentiation of species PCR outplays the fungal culture in terms of time and sensitivity.},
author = {Rothmund, G and Sattler, E C and Kaestle, R and Fischer, C and Haas, C J and Starz, H and Welzel, J},
doi = {10.1111/j.1439-0507.2012.02198.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rothmund et al. - 2012 - Confocal laser scanning microscopy as a new valuable tool in the diagnosis of onychomycosis - comparison of six.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1439-0507},
journal = {Mycoses},
keywords = {confocal laser scanning microscopy,fungal culture,koh preparation,onychomycosis,optical coherence tomography,pas staining},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = apr,
pmid = {22524550},
title = {{Confocal laser scanning microscopy as a new valuable tool in the diagnosis of onychomycosis - comparison of six diagnostic methods.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22524550},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Hollemeyer2005,
abstract = {The discrimination of onychomycoses from endogenous diseases showing macroscopically similar symptoms is difficult. Long-lasting but ineffective antifungal therapies using systemic medicaments with often severe adverse reactions may be the consequence. We introduce a novel mass spectrometric method for the discrimination of fungal infections and nonfungal affections. Horn samples from patients infected by Trichophyton rubrum, from patients with psoriasis affecting nails, and from healthy persons were investigated. Onychomycoses are basically associated with proteolytic attacks of the virulent fungi-secreting proteases partly hydrolyzing the horn material. Endogenous diseases lack these proteolytic activities, conserving intact structural proteins. Tryptical digestion of horn material produced cleavage peptides detectable by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Mass spectra of horn material infected by T. rubrum were clearly different from those originating from healthy test persons and from patients with psoriasis. Two methods were successfully applied to quantify the differences between groups of samples. One is based on the Euclidean match factor, and the other is based on the identification of specific peptide peaks occurring exclusively within one group of persons. The Euclidean match factor distributions and the occurrence of specific peptide peaks allowed a clear differentiation of T. rubrum infections from psoriasis patients and healthy test persons. No differences were found between healthy test persons and psoriasis patients. The method is rapid and does not require any cultivation.},
author = {Hollemeyer, Klaus and Jager, Sven and Altmeyer, Wolfgang and Heinzle, Elmar},
doi = {10.1016/j.ab.2004.12.019},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hollemeyer et al. - 2005 - Proteolytic peptide patterns as indicators for fungal infections and nonfungal affections of human nails meas.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0003-2697},
journal = {Analytical biochemistry},
keywords = {Humans,Nails,Nails: chemistry,Nails: microbiology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Peptide Mapping,Peptide Mapping: methods,Peptides,Peptides: analysis,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorpti,Trichophyton,Trypsin,Trypsin: chemistry},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = mar,
number = {2},
pages = {326--31},
pmid = {15745754},
title = {{Proteolytic peptide patterns as indicators for fungal infections and nonfungal affections of human nails measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15745754},
volume = {338},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Pfohler2009,
abstract = {The incidence and prevalence of onychomycosis are rising worldwide. Common diagnostic techniques often lack sensitivity or specificity. Differentiation between non-infectious nail disorders is frequently not possible. The aim of this study was to establish a better diagnostic routine procedure based on modern mass spectrometric peptide analysis techniques. One hundred and fifty-five nail samples from 145 patients with clinically suspected onychomycosis (n = 96, 62\%) and without onychomycosis [e.g. nail psoriasis or nail dystrophy resulting from eczema (n = 59, 38\%)] were investigated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) peptide mass fingerprinting in comparison with standard techniques. We demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS represents a precise, robust and fast tool in diagnostic investigation of nail disorders, which is superior to common standard methods.},
author = {Pf\"{o}hler, Claudia and Hollemeyer, Klaus and Heinzle, Elmar and Altmeyer, Wolfgang and Graeber, Stefan and M\"{u}ller, Cornelia S L and Stark, Alexandra and Jager, Sven Uwe and Tilgen, Wolfgang},
doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00838.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Pf\"{o}hler et al. - 2009 - Matrix-assisted laser desorptionionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry a new tool in diagnostic investigat.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1600-0625},
journal = {Experimental dermatology},
keywords = {Area Under Curve,Diagnosis, Differential,Humans,Keratins,Keratins: metabolism,Nail Diseases,Nail Diseases: diagnosis,Nail Diseases: microbiology,Nails,Nails: chemistry,Nails: microbiology,Nails: pathology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: metabolism,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Peptide Mapping,Principal Component Analysis,Sensitivity and Specificity,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorpti},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = oct,
number = {10},
pages = {880--2},
pmid = {19320735},
title = {{Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: a new tool in diagnostic investigation of nail disorders?}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19320735},
volume = {18},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Hees2012,
abstract = {Background: Laser treatment of onychomycosis is the object of considerable interest. Laser therapy could be a safe and cost-effective treatment modality without the disadvantages of drugs. Some studies have described the inhibitory effects of lasers on the growth of fungal colonies. We therefore examined the effects of various laser wavelengths, which have previously shown inhibitory potential, on the fungal isolate Trichophyton rubrum. Patients and Methods: Isolates of fungal colonies were placed clockwise on culture plates. Each culture plate was irradiated on one half with one of the following treatment regimens: 1064 nm-Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 4 J/cm(2) and 8 J/cm(2) ; 532 nm-Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 8 J/cm(2) ; 1064 nm-long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 45 J/cm(2) or 100 J/cm(2) . The other half remained untreated. Standardized photographs were taken and areas of treated and untreated colonies were compared for growth inhibition. Results: There was no inhibition of fungal growth in any of the treated plates. Differences in size between treated and untreated colonies were not significant (p > 0.10). Conclusions: In this in vitro study Nd:YAG laser treatment of Trichophyton rubrum colonies failed to inhibit fungal growth. Nevertheless there might be an effectiveness in vivo which has to be clarified by clinical studies.},
author = {Hees, Henrik and Raulin, Christian and B\"{a}umler, Wolfgang},
doi = {10.1111/j.1610-0387.2012.07997.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hees, Raulin, B\"{a}umler - 2012 - Laser treatment of onychomycosis an in vitro pilot study.pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hees, Raulin, B\"{a}umler - 2012 - Laser treatment of onychomycosis an in vitro pilot study(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1610-0387},
journal = {Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = aug,
number = {Band 10},
pages = {1--5},
pmid = {22897199},
title = {{Laser treatment of onychomycosis: an in vitro pilot study.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897199},
volume = {2012},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Drake1998,
abstract = {Onychomycosis impairs normal nail functions, causes considerable pain, interferes with daily activities, and has negative psychosocial effects.},
author = {Drake, L a and Scher, R K and Smith, E B and Faich, G a and Smith, S L and Hong, J J and Stiller, M J},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Drake et al. - 1998 - Effect of onychomycosis on quality of life.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0190-9622},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Absenteeism,Activities of Daily Living,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: economics,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Attitude to Health,Cost of Illness,Demography,Drug Costs,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Foot Dermatoses: economics,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Foot Dermatoses: physiopathology,Foot Dermatoses: psychology,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: drug therapy,Hand Dermatoses: economics,Hand Dermatoses: microbiology,Hand Dermatoses: physiopathology,Hand Dermatoses: psychology,Humans,Interpersonal Relations,Male,Middle Aged,Nails,Nails: physiopathology,Office Visits,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: economics,Onychomycosis: physiopathology,Onychomycosis: psychology,Pain,Pain: physiopathology,Quality of Life,Questionnaires,Self Concept,Sex Factors,Shoes,Telephone},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = may,
number = {5 Pt 1},
pages = {702--4},
pmid = {9591814},
title = {{Effect of onychomycosis on quality of life.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9591814},
volume = {38},
year = {1998}
}
@article{Sotiriou2010,
author = {Sotiriou, Eleni and Koussidou-Eremonti, Thalia and Chaidemenos, George and Apalla, Zoi and Ioannides, Demetris},
doi = {10.2340/00015555-0811},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Sotiriou et al. - 2010 - Photodynamic therapy for distal and lateral subungual toenail onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum Preli.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1651-2057},
journal = {Acta dermato-venereologica},
keywords = {Administration, Topical,Adult,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Aminolevulinic Acid,Aminolevulinic Acid: administration \& dosage,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Photochemotherapy,Photosensitizing Agents,Photosensitizing Agents: administration \& dosage,Time Factors,Treatment Outcome,Trichophyton,Trichophyton: isolation \& purification},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = mar,
number = {2},
pages = {216--7},
pmid = {20169321},
title = {{Photodynamic therapy for distal and lateral subungual toenail onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum: Preliminary results of a single-centre open trial.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20169321},
volume = {90},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Cribier2004,
abstract = {The prevalence of onychomycosis is higher in certain high-risk populations, such as the immunocompromised, diabetics and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. These patients can also develop onychomycosis due to nondermatophyte fungi. Although the efficacy of terbinafine is well demonstrated in the treatment of conventional dermatophyte nail infection, there are few data on the efficacy of terbinafine in high-risk patient groups or in nondermatophyte fungi, which can be difficult to treat.},
author = {Cribier, B J and Bakshi, R},
doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05726.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cribier, Bakshi - 2004 - Terbinafine in the treatment of onychomycosis a review of its efficacy in high-risk populations and in patients.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0007-0963},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
keywords = {Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: adverse effects,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Candidiasis, Cutaneous,Candidiasis, Cutaneous: complications,Candidiasis, Cutaneous: drug therapy,Diabetes Complications,HIV Infections,HIV Infections: complications,Humans,Immunosuppression,Kidney Transplantation,Kidney Transplantation: methods,Naphthalenes,Naphthalenes: adverse effects,Naphthalenes: therapeutic use,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: complications,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = mar,
number = {3},
pages = {414--20},
pmid = {15030322},
title = {{Terbinafine in the treatment of onychomycosis: a review of its efficacy in high-risk populations and in patients with nondermatophyte infections.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15030322},
volume = {150},
year = {2004}
}
@article{Abrahams,
author = {Abrahams, Michael},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Abrahams - Unknown - MicroPulsed Nd YAG Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne,Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
title = {{MicroPulsed Nd : YAG Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis}}
}
@article{Baran1998,
abstract = {This new classification of onychomycosis is a development of previous schemes and depends on the recognition of different clinical patterns of nail plate involvement associated with fungal infection as well as histopathology. The main types are distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis, superficial onychomycosis, proximal subungual onychomycosis, endonyx onychomycosis and total dystrophic onychomycosis. In addition, patients may show different combinations of these patterns. The identification of clinical patterns of disease may be useful in defining differences in clinical behaviour, treatment response and associated disease.},
author = {Baran, R and Hay, R J and Tosti, a and Haneke, E},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Baran et al. - 1998 - A new classification of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0007-0963},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
keywords = {Acremonium,Aspergillus,Candida,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: classification,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Fusarium,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: classification,Hand Dermatoses: microbiology,Humans,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: classification,Onychomycosis: complications,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Trichophyton},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = oct,
number = {4},
pages = {567--71},
pmid = {9892897},
title = {{A new classification of onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22106113},
volume = {139},
year = {1998}
}
@article{Repka2002,
abstract = {The purpose of this investigation was to study the morphology of the human nail treated with chemical penetration enhancers (CPE), bioadhesives and surface modifiers for assessment of topical treatment modalities for onychomycosis. CPEs, including dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and urea were applied to human nail samples. Additional samples were treated with surface modifiers, tartaric acid (TTA) and phosphoric acid gel (PA). Other nail specimens were subjected to the bioadhesive polymers Carbopol 971P and Klucel MF. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized to visualize nail morphology and topographical changes of the human nail samples subjected to the various chemical agents. AFM, SEM and PLM micrographs revealed changes in topography to the dorsal layer when CPEs and surface modifiers were applied. Roughness scores as determined by NANOSCOPE IIIA software indicated a 2-fold increase when the dorsal nail layer was subjected to PA versus the control (147.8 vs. 85.0 nm, respectively). In contrast, when carbomer 971P was applied to the dorsal surface, roughness scores decreased significantly (44.6 vs. 85.0 nm, respectively). AFM, SEM and PLM studies of the human nail subjected to various chemical agents may be useful in the design and formulation of novel drug delivery systems for the topical treatment of onychomycosis. The AFM studies offer both a qualitative and quantitative assessment for nail treatment opportunities.},
author = {Repka, Michael a and O'Haver, John and See, Chun Hwa and Gutta, Kavitha and Munjal, Manish},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Repka et al. - 2002 - Nail morphology studies as assessments for onychomycosis treatment modalities.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0378-5173},
journal = {International journal of pharmaceutics},
keywords = {Analysis of Variance,Dimethyl Sulfoxide,Dimethyl Sulfoxide: pharmacology,Humans,Microscopy, Atomic Force,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning,Microscopy, Polarization,Nails,Nails: anatomy \& histology,Nails: drug effects,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Phosphoric Acids,Phosphoric Acids: pharmacology,Surface Properties,Surface Properties: drug effects,Tartrates,Tartrates: pharmacology,Urea,Urea: pharmacology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = oct,
number = {1-2},
pages = {25--36},
pmid = {12270239},
title = {{Nail morphology studies as assessments for onychomycosis treatment modalities.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12270239},
volume = {245},
year = {2002}
}
@article{Scher2007,
abstract = {Until now, there has been no agreement on criteria defining resolution of onychomycosis. Most published reports use clinical and mycological cure, which comprises a completely normal-appearing nail plate, and negative nail culture and microscopy results, as the end point for defining success of therapeutic intervention. Reported here is the definition of onychomycosis, which delineates both primary and secondary criteria for diagnosis of onychomycosis and identifies clinical and laboratory parameters to define a resolved fungal nail infection. Onychomycosis cure is defined by the absence of clinical signs or the presence of negative nail culture and/or microscopy results with one or more of the following minor clinical signs: (1) minimal distal subungual hyperkeratosis; and (2) nail-plate thickening. Clinical signs indicative of persistent onychomycosis at the end of the observation period include (1) white/yellow or orange/brown streaks or patches in or beneath the nail plate; and (2) lateral onycholysis with subungual debris. Although nail appearance will usually continue to improve after cessation of therapy, the nails may have a persistent abnormal appearance even in cases where treatment has been effective.},
author = {Scher, Richard K and Tavakkol, Amir and Sigurgeirsson, B\'{a}rdur and Hay, Roderick J and Joseph, Warren S and Tosti, Antonella and Fleckman, Philip and Ghannoum, Mahmoud and Armstrong, David G and Markinson, Bryan C and Elewski, Boni E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2006.12.019},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Scher et al. - 2007 - Onychomycosis diagnosis and definition of cure.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Color,Humans,Hypertrophy,Nails,Nails: microbiology,Nails: pathology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: therapy,Prognosis,Recurrence,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = jun,
number = {6},
pages = {939--44},
pmid = {17307276},
title = {{Onychomycosis: diagnosis and definition of cure.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307276},
volume = {56},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Guo,
author = {Guo, Yan},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Guo - Unknown - Some Theoretical Studies on Boosting Algorithm.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {1--9},
title = {{Some Theoretical Studies on Boosting Algorithm}}
}
@article{Effendy2005,
abstract = {To review recent data - what is new in the epidemiology of onychomycoses? To identify the most relevant diagnostic criteria for effective therapy.},
author = {Effendy, I and Lecha, M and {Feuilhade de Chauvin}, M and {Di Chiacchio}, N and Baran, R},
doi = {10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01281.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Effendy et al. - 2005 - Epidemiology and clinical classification of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0926-9959},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
keywords = {Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Female,Humans,Incidence,International Cooperation,Male,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: classification,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: epidemiology,Practice Guidelines as Topic,Prognosis,Risk Assessment,Sensitivity and Specificity,Severity of Illness Index,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = sep,
pages = {8--12},
pmid = {16120199},
title = {{Epidemiology and clinical classification of onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16120199},
volume = {19 Suppl 1},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Baran2005,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a relatively common disease accounting for up to 50\% of all nail disorders and its prevalence rises with age. As onychomycosis is an important medical disorder affecting both patient's health and quality of life, it requires prompt and effective treatment.},
author = {Baran, R and Kaoukhov, a},
doi = {10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00988.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Baran, Kaoukhov - 2005 - Topical antifungal drugs for the treatment of onychomycosis an overview of current strategies for monotherapy a.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0926-9959},
journal = {Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV},
keywords = {Administration, Oral,Administration, Topical,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: administration \& dosage,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Clinical Trials as Topic,Drug Therapy, Combination,Humans,Morpholines,Morpholines: administration \& dosage,Morpholines: therapeutic use,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Pyridones,Pyridones: administration \& dosage,Pyridones: therapeutic use,Risk Factors},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {21--9},
pmid = {15649187},
title = {{Topical antifungal drugs for the treatment of onychomycosis: an overview of current strategies for monotherapy and combination therapy.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15649187},
volume = {19},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Finch2007,
author = {Finch, JJ and Warshaw, EM},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Finch, Warshaw - 2007 - Toenail onychomycosis current and future treatment options.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Dermatologic therapy},
keywords = {fungus,nail,onychomycosis,therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
number = {16},
pages = {31--46},
title = {{Toenail onychomycosis: current and future treatment options}},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1529-8019.2007.00109.x/full},
volume = {20},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Watanabe2008,
author = {Watanabe, Daisuke and Kawamura, Chiharu and Masuda, Yuko and Akita, Yoichi and Tamada, Yasuhiko and Matsumoto, Yoshinari},
doi = {10.1001/archdermatol.2007.17},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Watanabe et al. - 2008 - Successful treatment of toenail onychomycosis with photodynamic therapy(2).pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Watanabe et al. - 2008 - Successful treatment of toenail onychomycosis with photodynamic therapy.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1538-3652},
journal = {Archives of dermatology},
keywords = {80 and over,Adult,Aged,Chronic Disease,Female,Follow-Up Studies,Humans,Nails,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Photochemotherapy,Photochemotherapy: methods,Severity of Illness Index,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {19--21},
pmid = {18209164},
title = {{Successful treatment of toenail onychomycosis with photodynamic therapy.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18983803},
volume = {144},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Shuster1998,
abstract = {After years of therapeutic triviality, we now have drugs with a major effect on onychomycosis, and, paradoxically, their very success will lead to the development of more such drugs. This note is concerned with improving their assessment by rationalizing the way in which efficacy is measured. The need for this will be apparent to anyone who has had to review studies of antifungal drugs for onychomycosis, especially those done for drug registration. To the more fortunate others, who can use these drugs without having to suffer the tedious analyses of "evidence", it is necessary only to say that the methodology for the assessment of response is a muddle, illogical in almost all its aspects. I will therefore consider all the procedures involved, examine their weaknesses and suggest some simple improvements. Do not confuse my purpose: this is not a review, nor an "overview", its duplicitous offspring; while I base my case on an analysis (and increasingly desparing reading) of the literature, I do not intend to anatomize it.},
author = {Shuster, S},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Shuster - 1998 - Onychomycosis making sense of the assessment of anti-fungal drugs.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0001-5555},
journal = {Acta dermato-venereologica},
keywords = {Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Drug Therapy,Drug Therapy: methods,Humans,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {1--4},
pmid = {9498016},
title = {{Onychomycosis: making sense of the assessment of anti-fungal drugs.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9498016},
volume = {78},
year = {1998}
}
@article{Dupuis2012,
author = {Dupuis, E C and Bhole, V M and Dutz, J P},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10880.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dupuis, Bhole, Dutz - 2012 - Differing patterns of methotrexate use for psoriatic disease among dermatologists and rheumatologists.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2133},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,metotreksat/prezentacja dla profa},
month = aug,
number = {2},
pages = {448--50},
pmid = {22309601},
title = {{Differing patterns of methotrexate use for psoriatic disease among dermatologists and rheumatologists.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22309601},
volume = {167},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Aguilar2010,
author = {Aguilar, Guillermo and Sun, Feng and Carlier, Pierre and Young, Erica and Hennings, David and Gonzalez, F. Javier},
doi = {10.1117/12.841056},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Aguilar et al. - 2010 - Effect of vacuum and thermal shock on laser treatment of.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/in vitro},
pages = {754805--754805--9},
title = {{Effect of vacuum and thermal shock on laser treatment of}},
url = {http://link.aip.org/link/PSISDG/v7548/i1/p754805/s1\&Agg=doi},
volume = {7548},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Yang2002,
author = {Yang, Kuo-chia and Li, Yung-tsai and Hospital, Changhua Christian and Shan, Chung},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Yang et al. - 2002 - Treatment of Recurrent Ingrown Great Toenail Associated with Granulation Tissue by Partial Nail Avulsion Followed b.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {419--421},
title = {{Treatment of Recurrent Ingrown Great Toenail Associated with Granulation Tissue by Partial Nail Avulsion Followed by Matricectomy with Sharpulse Carbon Dioxide Laser}},
year = {2002}
}
@article{Grover2012,
abstract = {Onychomycosis (OM) is a fungal infection of the nail plate or nail bed which is highly prevalent in the general population and also responsible for significant morbidity. The condition needs to be treated in view of the physical and emotional handicap it produces. The peculiarities of the nail apparatus in health and disease lead to difficulties in being able to successfully treat this condition. Hence, the very same antifungals which produce high cure rates in skin infections are rendered less efficacious in nail disease. Low cure rates and high relapse rates even with highly efficacious antifungals have lead to an increasing interest in exploring newer treatment options which can ensure drug penetration, drug persistence, mycological cure and effective prevention of relapse. The current review aims to summarize our current status of knowledge about the treatment options for OM. It also summarizes the newer areas of research especially with respect to devices related therapies; physical measures to enhance penetration through nail; and development and evaluation of synergistic combinations.},
author = {Grover, Chander and Khurana, Ananta},
doi = {10.1111/j.1439-0507.2012.02199.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Grover, Khurana - 2012 - An update on treatment of onychomycosis.pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Grover, Khurana - 2012 - An update on treatment of onychomycosis(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1439-0507},
journal = {Mycoses},
keywords = {antifungal agents,keratinophilic fungi,tinea unguium},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
month = nov,
number = {6},
pages = {541--51},
pmid = {22540995},
title = {{An update on treatment of onychomycosis}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22540995 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0507.2012.02199.x/full},
volume = {55},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Hoy2012,
author = {Hoy, Nathan Y and Leung, Alexander K C and Metelitsa, Andrei I and Adams, Stewart},
doi = {10.5402/2012/680163},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hoy et al. - 2012 - New Concepts in Median Nail Dystrophy , Onychomycosis , and Hand , Foot , and Mouth Disease Nail Pathology.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/PRIME - treatment options},
number = {January 2008},
pages = {2--6},
title = {{New Concepts in Median Nail Dystrophy , Onychomycosis , and Hand , Foot , and Mouth Disease Nail Pathology}},
volume = {2012},
year = {2012}
}
@article{American2010,
author = {American, North},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/American - 2010 - Onychomycosis Trial Preliminary Results Using a 1064nm Mid-Infrared Laser.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Onychomycosis Trial Preliminary Results Using a 1064nm Mid-Infrared Laser}},
year = {2010}
}
@article{,
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2011.11.508},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - 2012 - (Poster reference number 5649).pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {5649},
pages = {5649},
title = {{(Poster reference number 5649)}},
year = {2012}
}
@article{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - 2011 - 12-Month Multi-Site Private Practice Retrospective Study Summary Demonstrates Steady Reduction in Lesion Size for Patie.pdf:pdf},
journal = {October},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {4200},
title = {{12-Month Multi-Site Private Practice Retrospective Study Summary Demonstrates Steady Reduction in Lesion Size for Patients with Onychomycosis}},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Dow2011,
author = {Dow, Hamish},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dow - 2011 - Case Studies Onychomycosis and nail dystrophy treated with the PinPointe FootLaser.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Time},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014},
number = {June},
pages = {24--27},
title = {{Case Studies Onychomycosis and nail dystrophy treated with the PinPointe FootLaser}},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Kaufman2011,
author = {Kaufman, Joely and Green, Jeremy and Dermatology, Brandt and Gables, Coral},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Kaufman et al. - 2011 - Enlightening advantage.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Dermatology Times},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {4},
pages = {2011--2013},
title = {{Enlightening advantage}},
volume = {22},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Singal2011,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a common nail ailment associated with significant physical and psychological morbidity. Increased prevalence in the recent years is attributed to enhanced longevity, comorbid conditions such as diabetes, avid sports participation, and emergence of HIV. Dermatophytes are the most commonly implicated etiologic agents, particularly Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, followed by Candida species and non dermatophytic molds (NDMs). Several clinical variants have been recognized. Candida onychomycosis affects fingernails more often and is accompanied by paronychia. NDM molds should be suspected in patients with history of trauma and associated periungual inflammation. Diagnosis is primarily based upon KOH examination, culture and histopathological examinations of nail clippings and nail biopsy. Adequate and appropriate sample collection is vital to pinpoint the exact etiological fungus. Various improvisations have been adopted to improve the fungal isolation. Culture is the gold standard, while histopathology is often performed to diagnose and differentiate onychomycosis from other nail disorders such as psoriasis and lichen planus. Though rarely used, DNA-based methods are effective for identifying mixed infections and quantification of fungal load. Various treatment modalities including topical, systemic and surgical have been used.Topically, drugs (ciclopirox and amorolfine nail lacquers) are delivered through specialized transungual drug delivery systems ensuring high concentration and prolonged contact. Commonly used oral therapeutic agents include terbinafine, fluconazole, and itraconazole. Terbinafine and itraconazole are given as continuous as well as intermittent regimes. Continuous terbinafine appears to be the most effective regime for dermatophyte onychomycosis. Despite good therapeutic response to newer modalities, long-term outcome is unsatisfactory due to therapeutic failure, relapse, and reinfection. To combat the poor response, newer strategies such as combination, sequential, and supplementary therapies have been suggested. In the end, treatment of special populations such as diabetic, elderly, and children is outlined.},
author = {Singal, Archana and Khanna, Deepshikha},
doi = {10.4103/0378-6323.86475},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Singal, Khanna - 2011 - Onychomycosis Diagnosis and management.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0973-3922},
journal = {Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology},
keywords = {Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Drug Therapy, Combination,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Foot Dermatoses: surgery,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: diagnosis,Hand Dermatoses: drug therapy,Hand Dermatoses: microbiology,Hand Dermatoses: surgery,Humans,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Onychomycosis: surgery,Paronychia,Paronychia: complications,Paronychia: microbiology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {6},
pages = {659--72},
pmid = {22016272},
title = {{Onychomycosis: Diagnosis and management.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016272},
volume = {77},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Hay2011,
abstract = {The classification of onychomycosis, infection of the nail apparatus caused by fungi, has changed over time with the recognition of new pathways of nail infection, new organisms, and new variations in the appearance of diseased infected nail. Taking into account published descriptions of nail morphology in fungal infection, the following forms of onychomycosis are recognized: distal and lateral subungual, superficial, endonyx, proximal subungual, mixed, totally dystrophic, and secondary onychomycosis. These can be subdivided, where appropriate, by color and pattern of nail plate change. The purpose of the revised classification is to provide a framework to assist selection of treatment, estimate prognosis, and evaluate new diagnostic methods.},
author = {Hay, Roderick J and Baran, Robert},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2010.09.730},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hay, Baran - 2011 - Onychomycosis a proposed revision of the clinical classification.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: complications,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: administration \& dosage,Dermatomycoses,Dermatomycoses: microbiology,Female,Food Handling,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,HIV Infections,HIV Infections: complications,Humans,Male,Methylprednisolone,Methylprednisolone: administration \& dosage,Nail Diseases,Nail Diseases: complications,Occupational Diseases,Occupational Diseases: etiology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Onychomycosis: pathology,Onychomycosis: therapy,Opportunistic Infections,Opportunistic Infections: complications,Paronychia,Paronychia: drug therapy,Paronychia: etiology,Skin Diseases,Skin Diseases: complications},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = dec,
number = {6},
pages = {1219--27},
pmid = {21501889},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{Onychomycosis: a proposed revision of the clinical classification.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21501889},
volume = {65},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Thomas2010,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail plate or nail bed. It does not usually cure itself and it can trigger more infectious lesions in other parts of the body. The reported prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing in Western countries, presumably due to lifestyle changes and the ageing of the population. Approximately 10\% of the general population, 20\% of the population aged>60 years, up to 50\% of people aged>70 years and up to one-third of diabetic individuals have onychomycosis. Care should be taken for the accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of toenail onychomycosis to prevent complications. Current treatment options have relatively limited therapeutic success, particularly long-term. Oral medications are associated with high recurrence rates and treatment failure, and are not suitable for many cases due to potential adverse effects. Topical medications are recommended only for mild to moderate cases. The cost of therapies may also be prohibitive in some cases. In the light of these issues, more research is warranted for the investigation and development of more effective and economical options for the treatment and prophylaxis of toenail onychomycosis. In patient populations such as diabetic individuals, where onychomycosis can provoke lower extremity complications, professional podiatry care of toenails and feet should be encouraged.},
author = {Thomas, J and Jacobson, G a and Narkowicz, C K and Peterson, G M and Burnet, H and Sharpe, C},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01107.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Thomas et al. - 2010 - Toenail onychomycosis an important global disease burden.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2710},
journal = {Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics},
keywords = {Drug Therapy, Combination,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Foot Dermatoses: epidemiology,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Humans,Male,Nails,Nails: anatomy \& histology,Nails: microbiology,Nails: pathology,Nails: physiology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: epidemiology,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Recurrence,Recurrence: prevention \& control,Risk Factors,Treatment Failure},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = oct,
number = {5},
pages = {497--519},
pmid = {20831675},
title = {{Toenail onychomycosis: an important global disease burden.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20831675},
volume = {35},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Garcia-Doval2010,
abstract = {Suspected toenail onychomycosis is a frequent problem. Clinical diagnosis has been considered inadequate.},
author = {Garcia-Doval, I and Cabo, F and Monteagudo, B and Alvarez, J and Ginarte, M and Rodr\'{\i}guez-Alvarez, M X and Abalde, M T and Fern\'{a}ndez, M L and Allegue, F and P\'{e}rez-P\'{e}rez, L and Fl\'{o}rez, a and Cabanillas, M and Pe\'{o}n, G and Zulaica, a and {Del Pozo}, J and Gomez-Centeno, P},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09930.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Garcia-Doval et al. - 2010 - Clinical diagnosis of toenail onychomycosis is possible in some patients cross-sectional diagnostic study a.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2133},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
keywords = {Adult,Aged,Arthrodermataceae,Arthrodermataceae: isolation \& purification,Biopsy,Epidemiologic Methods,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: etiology,Foot Dermatoses: pathology,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Nails,Nails: pathology,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: etiology,Onychomycosis: pathology,Physical Examination},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = oct,
number = {4},
pages = {743--51},
pmid = {20618320},
title = {{Clinical diagnosis of toenail onychomycosis is possible in some patients: cross-sectional diagnostic study and development of a diagnostic rule.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20618320},
volume = {163},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Kaur2008,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of nails caused by dermatophytes, yeasts or nondermatophyte molds and represents about 30\% of mycotic cutaneous infections. Increasingly onychomycosis is being viewed as more than a mere cosmetic problem. In spite of improved personal hygiene and living environment, onychomycosis continues to spread and persist. The prevalence rate of onychomycosis is determined by age, predisposing factor, social class, occupation, climate, living environment and frequency of travel. Onychomycosis in immunocompromised patients can pose a more serious health problem. Dermatophytes are the most frequently implicated causative agents in onychomycosis. Previously regarded as contaminants, yeasts are now increasingly recognised as pathogens in fingernail infections, as are some moulds. Clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis is based on the patients' history; a physical examination, microscopy and culture of nail specimens. The treatment of onychomycosis has been attempted throughout the ages, but only in the last two decades have safe, effective systemic treatments been available for this chronic superficial fungal disease. Oral Griseofulvin and Ketoconazole; once the agents of choice for the treatment of onychomycosis, have been superseded by newer systemic compounds that have a higher cure and lower relapse rates, cause fewer side effects and are suitable for short-term dosing.},
author = {Kaur, R and Kashyap, B and Bhalla, P},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Kaur, Kashyap, Bhalla - 2008 - Onychomycosis--epidemiology, diagnosis and management.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0255-0857},
journal = {Indian journal of medical microbiology},
keywords = {Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Humans,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: epidemiology,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Prevalence,Risk Factors},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {2},
pages = {108--16},
pmid = {18445944},
title = {{Onychomycosis--epidemiology, diagnosis and management.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18445944},
volume = {26},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Malini2011,
author = {Malini, a and Oudeacoumar, P and Udayashankar, C},
doi = {10.4103/0378-6323.75001},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Malini, Oudeacoumar, Udayashankar - 2011 - Onychomycosis due to Trichosporon mucoides.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0973-3922},
journal = {Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology},
keywords = {Adult,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Follow-Up Studies,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: diagnosis,Hand Dermatoses: drug therapy,Hand Dermatoses: microbiology,Humans,Male,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: microbiology,Rare Diseases,Risk Assessment,Severity of Illness Index,Treatment Outcome,Trichosporon,Trichosporon: isolation \& purification},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {1},
pages = {76--7},
pmid = {21220891},
title = {{Onychomycosis due to Trichosporon mucoides.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21220891},
volume = {77},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Nazarian2012,
abstract = {Surgical pathology testing for onychomycosis using periodic acid-Schiff staining is the "gold standard." However, routine histopathological methods of processing nail clippings can be limited by poor section quality, higher costs, and delayed turnaround times for some specimens because of tissue hardness.},
author = {Nazarian, Rosalynn M and Due, Brice and Deshpande, Anita and Duncan, Lyn M and Misdraji, Joseph},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.046},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Nazarian et al. - 2012 - An improved method of surgical pathology testing for onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {nail histology,onychomycosis,periodic acid-schiff,pretreatment,section quality,sodium},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = apr,
number = {4},
pages = {655--60},
pmid = {21816506},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{An improved method of surgical pathology testing for onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21816506},
volume = {66},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Wang2012,
author = {Wang, Bingqing and Milner, Thomas and Babilas, Philipp and Klein, Annette and Ba, Wolfgang and Laquer, Vivian and Hevezi, Peter and Huguette, Albrecht and Chen, Tina and Zlotnik, Albert and Kelly, Kristen and Idriss, Munir H and Anolik, Robert and Bernstein, Leonard and Brightman, Lori and Hale, Elizabeth K and Karen, Julie K and Weiss, Elliot T and Geronemus, Roy G},
doi = {10.1002/lsm.22023},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wang et al. - 2012 - Abstracts. American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1096-9101},
journal = {Lasers in surgery and medicine},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = mar,
pages = {1--94},
pmid = {22430604},
title = {{Abstracts. American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22430604},
volume = {44 Suppl 2},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Gupta2012a,
abstract = {Nondermatophyte mold (NDM) onychomycosis is difficult to diagnose given that NDMs are common contaminants of the nails and of the mycology laboratory. Diagnostic criteria and definition of cure are inconsistent between studies, which may affect the quality of published data. We identified 6 major criteria used in the literature: identification of the NDM in the nail by microscopy (using potassium hydroxide preparation), isolation in culture, repeated isolation in culture, inoculum counting, failure to isolate a dermatophyte in culture, and histology. Most studies used 3 or more of these (range = 1-5). We recommend using at least 3 of the criteria to rule out contamination; these should include potassium hydroxide preparation for direct microscopy and isolation of the organism in culture. We review geographic distribution and clinical presentations associated with different NDMs. The treatment with the greatest quantity of data and highest reported cure rates is terbinafine, for the treatment of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Aspergillus species infections. Topicals such as ciclopirox nail lacquer may also be effective (data originating from Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Acremonium species infections), especially when combined with chemical or surgical avulsion of the nail. We recommend that future studies use (and clearly indicate) at least 3 of the main criteria for diagnosis, and report the clinical type of onychomycosis and the isolated organism. When evaluating different treatments, we suggest that authors clearly define their efficacy outcomes.},
author = {Gupta, Aditya K and Drummond-Main, Chris and Cooper, Elizabeth a and Brintnell, William and Piraccini, Bianca Maria and Tosti, Antonella},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaad.2011.02.038},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Gupta et al. - 2012 - Systematic review of nondermatophyte mold onychomycosis diagnosis, clinical types, epidemiology, and treatment.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1097-6787},
journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology},
keywords = {aspergillus species,clinical type,diagnosis,epidemiology,mycosis,nondermatophyte mold,onycho-,organism,scopulariopsis brevicaulis,treatment},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = mar,
number = {3},
pages = {494--502},
pmid = {21820203},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc},
title = {{Systematic review of nondermatophyte mold onychomycosis: diagnosis, clinical types, epidemiology, and treatment.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21820203},
volume = {66},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Elewski2012,
abstract = {Onychomycosis accounts for up to 50\% of all onychopathies.},
author = {Elewski, B and Pollak, R and Ashton, S and Rich, P and Schlessinger, J and Tavakkol, a},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10660.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Elewski et al. - 2012 - A randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre, investigator-blinded study of four tr.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1365-2133},
journal = {The British journal of dermatology},
keywords = {Administration, Oral,Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: administration \& dosage,Antifungal Agents: adverse effects,Double-Blind Method,Drug Administration Schedule,Female,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Naphthalenes,Naphthalenes: administration \& dosage,Naphthalenes: adverse effects,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Tablets,Treatment Outcome,Triazoles,Triazoles: administration \& dosage,Triazoles: adverse effects,Young Adult},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = feb,
number = {2},
pages = {389--98},
pmid = {21967490},
title = {{A randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre, investigator-blinded study of four treatment regimens of posaconazole in adults with toenail onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21967490},
volume = {166},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Bunyaratavej2011,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a common nail disease, especially in elderly. Currently, there are various options to treat onychomycosis; however, their limitations to success are high failure rate, time-consuming, low cost-effectiveness, and high risk of drug interaction. Previous studies about treatment of dermatophytic onychomycosis with long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser demonstrated excellent clinical outcome within 1 month without severe side effects. Objective: To evaluate mycological laboratory results of weekly onychomycosis treatment with long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser up to 1 month. Materials and methods: Twenty-one patients with clinical fea- tures of onchomycosis and proven mycological tests were recruited in the study and 40 samples from the nails of these patients were obtained. All patients had not used topical and/or systemic antifungal agents within 6 months before recruitment. All nails were treated with long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser on weekly basis up to 1 month. The nail specimens were also obtained right before laser treatment for potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and fungal culture on weekly basis. Results: Laboratory results showed 25 nails positive for dermato- phytic onychomycosis and 15 for non-dermatophytic molds. Positive KOH preparations were 100\%, 82.5\%, 75\% and 72.5\% and positive fungal cultures were 100\%, 72.5\%, 62.5\% and 55\% before the beginning of the first to the fourth week of treatment, respectively. Among 35 infected nails, a quarter (nine) achieved completed cure within 1-month treatment; 26 nails (75\%) from 16 patients then continued the second treatment beyond that. Conclusions: The efficacy of weekly long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser therapy was determined on both dermatophyte and non- dermatophyte onychomycosis with the reduction in positive mycolog- ical laboratory results even within the first month of treatment.},
author = {Bunyaratavej, S. and Thanomkitti, K. and Wanitphakdeedecha, R. and Eimpunth, S. and Manuskiatti, W.},
doi = {10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02092.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Almeida et al. - 2011 - Posters.pdf:pdf},
issn = {09337407},
journal = {Mycoses},
keywords = {candida spp,goldenseal,herbal product,pot marigold},
mendeley-groups = {CLV and Renal Ca,Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = oct,
pages = {67},
title = {{Efficacy of onychomycosis treatment with weekly long- pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser on mycological laboratory investigations}},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02092.x},
volume = {54},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Erhard2008,
abstract = {Identification of dermatophytes is currently performed based on morphological criteria and is increasingly supported by genomic sequence comparison. The present study evaluates an alternative based on the analysis of clinical fungal isolates by mass spectrometry. Samples originating from skin and nail were characterized morphologically and by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), ITS2 and the 5.8S rDNA regions of the rDNA clusters. In a blind comparative study, samples were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF MS). The mass spectra were compared to a database comprising of the spectral data of reference strains by applying the saramis software package. All fungal isolates belonging to the taxa Trichophyton rubrum, T. interdigitale, T. tonsurans, Arthroderma benhamiae and Microsporum canis were correctly identified, irrespective of host origin and pathology. To test the robustness of the approach, four isolates were grown on five different media and analyzed. Although the resulting mass spectra varied in detail, a sufficient number of signals were conserved resulting in data sets exploitable for unequivocal species identification. Taken together, the usually widespread dermatophytes can be identified rapidly and reliably by mass spectrometry. Starting from pure cultures, MALDI-TOF MS analysis uses very simple sample preparation procedures, and a single analysis is performed within minutes. Costs for consumables as well as preparation time are considerably lower than for PCR analysis.},
author = {Erhard, Marcel and Hipler, Uta-Christina and Burmester, Anke and Brakhage, Axel a and W\"{o}stemeyer, Johannes},
doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00649.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Erhard et al. - 2008 - Identification of dermatophyte species causing onychomycosis and tinea pedis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Erhard et al. - 2008 - Identification of dermatophyte species causing onychomycosis and tinea pedis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1600-0625},
journal = {Experimental dermatology},
keywords = {Arthrodermataceae,Arthrodermataceae: genetics,Arthrodermataceae: isolation \& purification,Culture Media,DNA,Female,Fungal,Fungal: analysis,Humans,Male,Mass,Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorpti,Microsporum,Microsporum: genetics,Microsporum: isolation \& purification,Polymerase Chain Reaction,Ribosomal,Ribosomal: analysis,Sequence Analysis,Spectrometry,Tinea,Tinea: diagnosis,Tinea: microbiology,Trichophyton,Trichophyton: genetics,Trichophyton: isolation \& purification},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = apr,
number = {4},
pages = {356--61},
pmid = {17979969},
title = {{Identification of dermatophyte species causing onychomycosis and tinea pedis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17979969},
volume = {17},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Hamzaoui2011,
abstract = {Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used as a potential method for simultaneous measurement of the elements Ca, Na, and K, for normal and pathological nails. We compared the measured LIBS spectra of these elements for normal and pathological nails. The B²∑+ --> X²∑+ violet band emission spectrum of CN was used for the estimation of the transient temperature of the plasma plume and consequently of the sample surface considering thermodynamic equilibrium.},
author = {Hamzaoui, S and Khleifia, R and Ja\"{\i}dane, N and {Ben Lakhdar}, Z},
doi = {10.1007/s10103-010-0821-x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hamzaoui et al. - 2011 - Quantitative analysis of pathological nails using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique(2).pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hamzaoui et al. - 2011 - Quantitative analysis of pathological nails using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1435-604X},
journal = {Lasers in medical science},
keywords = {Calcium,Calcium: analysis,Humans,Lasers,Nails,Nails: chemistry,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: metabolism,Potassium,Potassium: analysis,Reference Values,Sodium,Sodium: analysis,Solid-State,Solid-State: diagnostic use,Spectrum Analysis,Spectrum Analysis: instrumentation,Spectrum Analysis: methods},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = jan,
number = {1},
pages = {79--83},
pmid = {20717699},
title = {{Quantitative analysis of pathological nails using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20717699},
volume = {26},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Watch,
author = {Watch, Health},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Watch - Unknown - by the way, doctor.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Wear},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {by the way, doctor}
}
@article{Bornstein2009,
abstract = {We examined a laser system (870 and 930 nm), employing wavelengths that have exhibited cellular photodamage properties in optical traps. In vitro, with 1.5 cm diameter flat-top projections (power density of 5.66 W cm(-2)), at physiologic temperatures, we achieved photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. Using nonlethal dosimetry, we measured a decrease in trans-membrane potentials (DeltaPsimt and DeltaPsip) and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), C. albicans and human embryonic kidney cells. We postulate that these multiplexed wavelengths cause an optically mediated mechano-transduction of cellular redox pathways, decreasing DeltaPsi and increasing ROS. The cellular energetics of prokaryotic and fungal pathogens, along with mammalian cells, are affected in a similar manner when treated with these multiplexed wavelengths at the power densities employed. Following live porcine thermal tolerance skin experiments, we then performed human pilot studies, examining photodamage to MRSA in the nose and fungi in onychomycosis. No observable damage to the nares or the nail matrix was observed, yet photodamage to the pathogens was achieved at physiologic temperatures. The selective aspect of this near-infrared photodamage presents the possibility for its future utilization in human cutaneous antimicrobial therapy.},
author = {Bornstein, Eric and Hermans, William and Gridley, Scott and Manni, Jeffrey},
doi = {10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00615.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bornstein et al. - 2009 - Near-infrared photoinactivation of bacteria and fungi at physiologic temperatures(2).pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bornstein et al. - 2009 - Near-infrared photoinactivation of bacteria and fungi at physiologic temperatures.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1751-1097},
journal = {Photochemistry and photobiology},
keywords = {Anti-Infective Agents,Anti-Infective Agents: toxicity,Candida,Candida: radiation effects,Cells,Cultured,Cultured: radiation effects,Humans,Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus,Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: radia,Temperature,Ultraviolet Rays},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {6},
pages = {1364--74},
pmid = {19709379},
title = {{Near-infrared photoinactivation of bacteria and fungi at physiologic temperatures.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19709379},
volume = {85},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Nicolopoulos1999,
author = {Nicolopoulos, C S and Tsioutis, V and Nicolopoulos, N S and Giannoudis, P V},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Nicolopoulos et al. - 1999 - Clinical application of helium neon ( 632 nm ) plus infrared diode laser GaAIAs ( 830 nm ) and CO 2 laser i.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Group},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {181--184},
title = {{Clinical application of helium neon ( 632 nm ) plus infrared diode laser GaAIAs ( 830 nm ) and CO 2 laser in treatment of onychomycotic nails}},
year = {1999}
}
@article{States2012,
author = {States, United},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/States - 2012 - PinPointe.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Pulse},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {1--2},
title = {{PinPointe}},
year = {2012}
}
@misc{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - spezielle PinPointe Mikropulsung.pptx:pptx},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{spezielle PinPointe Mikropulsung}}
}
@article{Antony2003,
author = {Antony, F C and Harland, C C},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Antony, Harland - 2003 - Dermatological Surgery and Lasers Red ink tattoo reactions successful treatment with the Q-switched 532 nm Nd.pdf:pdf},
journal = {British Journal of Dermatology},
keywords = {532 nm nd,can promote a toxic,consequences,foreign substance into the,or an immunological response,red ink tattoo reaction,skin,tattoos occasionally have unfortunate,the introduction of a,yag laser},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
pages = {94--98},
title = {{Dermatological Surgery and Lasers Red ink tattoo reactions : successful treatment with the Q-switched 532 nm Nd : YAG laser}},
year = {2003}
}
@misc{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - Thermal therpy of toe nail fungus.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Thermal therpy of toe nail fungus}}
}
@article{Gupta2000,
abstract = {Xanthomegnin, a mutagenic mycotoxin best known as an agent of nephropathy and death in farm animals exposed to food-borne Penicillium and Aspergillus fungi, was first isolated about 35 y ago as a diffusing pigment from cultures of the dermatophyte, Trichophyton megninii. This study investigates the production of xanthomegnin by the most common dermatophytic species, Trichophyton rubrum, both in dermatologic nail specimens and in culture. In view of the labile nature of xanthomegnin, a chromatographic procedure was developed to allow high-performance liquid chromatography analysis within 1 h of sample extraction. In cultures, Tricho- phyton rubrum produced xanthomegnin as a major pigment that appears to give the culture its characteristic red colony reverse. Xanthomegnin was also repeatedly extracted from human nail and skin material infected by Trichophyton rubrum. The level of xanthomegnin present, however, varied among the clinical samples studied. Xanthomegnin was not detected in uninfected nails. These results show that patients with Trichophyton rubrum infections may be exposed to xanthomegnin, although the consequences of such an exposure are not currently known.},
author = {Gupta, a K and Ahmad, I and Borst, I and Summerbell, R C},
doi = {10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00150.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Gupta et al. - 2000 - Detection of xanthomegnin in epidermal materials infected with Trichophyton rubrum.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0022-202X},
journal = {The Journal of investigative dermatology},
keywords = {Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid,Humans,Nails,Nails: microbiology,Naphthoquinones,Naphthoquinones: analysis,Naphthoquinones: isolation \& purification,Skin,Skin: microbiology,Tinea,Tinea: metabolism,Trichophyton},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = nov,
number = {5},
pages = {901--5},
pmid = {11069630},
title = {{Detection of xanthomegnin in epidermal materials infected with Trichophyton rubrum.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11069630},
volume = {115},
year = {2000}
}
@article{Semwogerere2005,
author = {Semwogerere, Denis and Weeks, Eric R},
doi = {10.1081/E-EBBE-120024153},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Semwogerere, Weeks - 2005 - Confocal Microscopy.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Biomedical Engineering},
mendeley-groups = {CLV and Renal Ca,Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Confocal Microscopy}},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Elewski1998,
abstract = {Although not life-threatening, onychomycosis (a fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by a dermatophyte) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence (about 10\% of the U.S. population) and associated morbidity. The disease can have certain negative consequences for patients, such as pain, and can potentially undermine work and social lives. This review discusses the etiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of onychomycosis. Four types of onychomycosis are recognized based on the site and pattern of fungal invasion. Dermatophyte fungi are the predominant pathogens, but yeasts (especially Candida albicans) and nondermatophyte molds may also be implicated. Accurate diagnosis requires direct microscopy and fungal culture. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen planus, onychogryphosis, and nail trauma. Onychomycosis is more difficult to treat than most dermatophytoses because of the inherent slow growth of the nail. Older antifungal agents (ketoconazole and griseofulvin) are unsuitable for onychomycosis because of their relatively poor efficacy and potential adverse effects. Three recently developed antimycotic agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine) offer high cure rates and good safety profiles. In addition, the short treatment times (< 3 months) and intermittent dosing schedules are likely to enhance compliance and reduce the costs of therapy.},
author = {Elewski, B E},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Elewski - 1998 - Onychomycosis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management(2).pdf:pdf;:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Elewski - 1998 - Onychomycosis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0893-8512},
journal = {Clinical microbiology reviews},
keywords = {Adult,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: therapeutic use,Child,Diagnosis,Differential,Female,Fluconazole,Fluconazole: therapeutic use,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Foot Dermatoses: microbiology,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: diagnosis,Hand Dermatoses: drug therapy,Hand Dermatoses: microbiology,Humans,Itraconazole,Itraconazole: therapeutic use,Ketoconazole,Ketoconazole: therapeutic use,Male,Nails,Nails: microbiology,Naphthalenes,Naphthalenes: therapeutic use,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy,Onychomycosis: microbiology},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = jul,
number = {3},
pages = {415--29},
pmid = {9665975},
title = {{Onychomycosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.}},
url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=88888\&tool=pmcentrez\&rendertype=abstract},
volume = {11},
year = {1998}
}
@article{Dpm,
author = {Dpm, David Weiss},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dpm - Unknown - 3 Month Clinical Results using Sub-millisecond 1064 nm Nd YAG Laser for the Treatment of Onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Foot And Ankle},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {1--6},
title = {{3 Month Clinical Results using Sub-millisecond 1064 nm Nd : YAG Laser for the Treatment of Onychomycosis}},
url = {http://conejofeet.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/David-Weiss-DPM-report.pdf}
}
@article{Reduction,
author = {Reduction, Scar},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Reduction - Unknown - Onychomycosis GenesisPlus for Onychomycosis Scar Reduction.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{Onychomycosis GenesisPlus for Onychomycosis Scar Reduction}}
}
@misc{,
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Unknown - Unknown - CT\_abstract\_Aguilar\_effect of vacuum\_thermal shock\_Onychomychosis.pdf.pdf:pdf},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
title = {{CT\_abstract\_Aguilar\_effect of vacuum\_thermal shock\_Onychomychosis.pdf}}
}
@article{Hochman2011,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is a common disorder of the nails. Treatment modalities include oral and topical antifungals, surgical treatment or a combination of these therapies. Cure rates remain low with relatively high relapse rates seen after successful treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment of onychomycosis using a novel 0.65-millisecond (ms) pulsed 1064-nm laser. Eight subjects were treated over two to three sessions spaced at least 3 weeks apart. Of the eight subjects evaluated, seven had negative post-treatment cultures after the second or third session. Treatments were well tolerated by all subjects. These data suggest that treatment of onychomycosis with a 0.65-ms pulsed Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser should be studied further to determine the long-term clinical and microbiologic effect. The optimal number of treatment sessions for each patient needs to be determined.},
author = {Hochman, Lisa G},
doi = {10.3109/14764172.2011.552616},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hochman - 2011 - Laser treatment of onychomycosis using a novel 0.65-millisecond pulsed NdYAG 1064-nm laser.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1476-4180},
journal = {Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy : official publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology},
keywords = {Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Female,Humans,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Male,Middle Aged,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: surgery,Pilot Projects,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
month = feb,
number = {1},
pages = {2--5},
pmid = {21250792},
title = {{Laser treatment of onychomycosis using a novel 0.65-millisecond pulsed Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21250792},
volume = {13},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Harris2009,
author = {Harris, David M. and McDowell, Brian a. and Strisower, John},
doi = {10.1117/12.810193},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Harris, McDowell, Strisower - 2009 - Laser treatment for toenail fungus.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Proceedings of SPIE},
keywords = {laser,onychomycosis,toenail fungus},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {71610M--71610M--7},
publisher = {Spie},
title = {{Laser treatment for toenail fungus}},
url = {http://link.aip.org/link/PSISDG/v7161/i1/p71610M/s1\&Agg=doi},
volume = {7161},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Hohenleutner2010,
abstract = {Dermatologic laser therapy is a rapidly-changing field with many new innovations. One of the most important is the introduction of fractional photothermolysis. This method is established for skin rejuvenation and acne scars; both the original non-ablative devices and newer ablative ones are available. While its side effects and the patient's downtime are considerably less than with ablative skin resurfacing, its efficacy is much better than non-ablative laser skin rejuvenation. This approach is also effective for melasma and other forms of hyperpigmentation in some patients. Successful reports exist also for treating other, more infrequent dermatoses. Another new procedure is laser lipolysis. It can be used as an adjunct to classical liposuction or as laser lipolysis alone. Fat lysis is achieved by laser energy via fibers that are inserted in the subcutaneous fat, and the additional heating of dermal tissue may lead to the reduction of side effects such as bleeding and to reduction of skin laxity. Nevertheless, the superiority of laser lipolysis to classical liposuction techniques is not yet established, and the ideal wavelengths and treatment parameters are not yet fully clear. There have been improvements in the therapy of vascular lesions, especially the use of longer, infrared wavelengths. In addition, there is early information on experimental therapeutic approaches for diseases normally not amenable to laser therapy such as onychomycosis, hemorrhoids and allergic rhinitis.},
author = {Hohenleutner, U},
doi = {10.1007/s00105-009-1881-3},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hohenleutner - 2010 - Innovations in dermatologic laser therapy.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1432-1173},
journal = {Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift f\"{u}r Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete},
keywords = {Hemorrhoids,Hemorrhoids: surgery,Humans,Laser Therapy,Laser Therapy: methods,Lasers, Solid-State,Lasers, Solid-State: therapeutic use,Lipectomy,Lipectomy: methods,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: surgery,Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial,Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial: surgery,Skin Diseases,Skin Diseases: diagnosis,Skin Diseases: surgery,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = may,
number = {5},
pages = {410--5},
pmid = {20376424},
title = {{[Innovations in dermatologic laser therapy].}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376424},
volume = {61},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Vural2008,
author = {Vural, E. and Winfield, H.L. and Shingleton, A.W. and Horn, T.D. and Shafirstein, G.},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Vural et al. - 2008 - The effects of laser irradiation on Trichophyton rubrum growth.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Lasers in medical science},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
number = {4},
pages = {349--353},
publisher = {Springer},
title = {{The effects of laser irradiation on Trichophyton rubrum growth}},
url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/KGJ1542505523J17.pdf},
volume = {23},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Landsman2010,
author = {Landsman, A.S. and Robbins, A.H. and Angelini, P.F. and Wu, C.C. and Cook, Jeremy and Oster, M. and Bornstein, E.S.},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Landsman et al. - 2010 - Treatment of mild, moderate, and severe onychomycosis using 870-and 930-nm light exposure.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {3},
pages = {166--177},
publisher = {Am Podiatric Med Assoc},
title = {{Treatment of mild, moderate, and severe onychomycosis using 870-and 930-nm light exposure}},
url = {http://www.japmaonline.org/content/100/3/166.short},
volume = {100},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Kozarev2010,
author = {Kozarev, Jasmina and Vi\v{z}intin, Z.},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Kozarev, Vi\v{z}intin - 2010 - Novel Laser Therapy in Treatment of Onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
journal = {J Laser Health Academy},
keywords = {nails fungal infection,onychomycosis},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {1},
pages = {1--8},
title = {{Novel Laser Therapy in Treatment of Onychomycosis}},
url = {http://www.globalpodiatry.com/novel\_laser\_therapy\_in\_treatment\_of\_onychomycosis.pdf},
volume = {1},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Kozarev2001,
author = {Kozarev, Jasmina},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Kozarev - 2001 - ClearSteps–Laser Onychomycosis Treatment Assessment of Efficacy 12 months After Treatment and Beyond.pdf:pdf},
journal = {laserandhealthacademy.com},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/Update 2014,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
pages = {12},
title = {{ClearSteps–Laser Onychomycosis Treatment: Assessment of Efficacy 12 months After Treatment and Beyond}},
url = {http://www.laserandhealthacademy.com/media/objave/academy/priponke/4\_kozarev\_clearsteps.pdf},
year = {2001}
}
@article{Manevitch2010,
abstract = {Onychomycosis is caused by dermatophyte infection of the nail. Though laser energy has been shown to eliminate dermatophytes in vitro, direct laser elimination of onychomycosis is not successful due to difficulties in selectively delivering laser energy to the deeper levels of the nail plate without collateral damage. Femtosecond (fsec) infrared titanium sapphire lasers circumvent this problem by the nonlinear interactions of these lasers with biological media. This quality, combined with the deeply penetrating nature of the near-infrared radiation, allows elimination of deeply seeded nail dermatopytes without associated collateral damage. Nail cuttings obtained from patients with onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum underwent fsec laser irradiation using increasing laser intensities with the focus scanned throughout the whole thickness of the nail specimen. The efficacy of the laser treatment was evaluated by subculture. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine fsec laser-induced collateral damage. We found that a fsec laser fluence of 7 x 10(31) photons m(-2) s(-1) or above successfully inhibited the growth of the fungus in all samples examined, whereas laser intensities above 1.7 x 10(32) photons m(-2) s(-1) affected the structure of the nail plate. Our findings suggest that T. rubrum-mediated onychomycosis may be treated by fsec laser technology.},
author = {Manevitch, Zakhariya and Lev, Dmitry and Hochberg, Malka and Palhan, Mila and Lewis, Aaron and Enk, Claes D},
doi = {10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00672.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Manevitch et al. - 2010 - Direct antifungal effect of femtosecond laser on Trichophyton rubrum onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1751-1097},
journal = {Photochemistry and photobiology},
keywords = {Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation,Humans,Laser Therapy,Laser Therapy: methods,Nails,Nails: radiation effects,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: therapy,Trichophyton,Trichophyton: radiation effects},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser,Onychomycosis laser/arykuły kliniczne},
number = {2},
pages = {476--9},
pmid = {20003151},
title = {{Direct antifungal effect of femtosecond laser on Trichophyton rubrum onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20003151},
volume = {86},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Iorizzo2010,
abstract = {Onychomycosis can be cured even if fungi are sometimes difficult to eradicate; the treatment is often lengthy and requires patience. The choice of agents should be based on numerous factors including patient's age and health, causative organism, clinical type of onychomycosis, number of affected nails and severity of nail involvement. We review current and future treatments for onychomycosis. We will also consider treatment options in patients with poor prognostic factors suggesting possible treatment failure.},
author = {Iorizzo, Matilde and Piraccini, Bianca Maria and Tosti, Antonella},
doi = {10.1111/j.1610-0387.2010.07499.x},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Iorizzo, Piraccini, Tosti - 2010 - Today's treatments options for onychomycosis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1610-0387},
journal = {Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG},
keywords = {Administration, Topical,Antifungal Agents,Antifungal Agents: administration \& dosage,Dermatologic Agents,Dermatologic Agents: administration \& dosage,Drug Therapy, Combination,Foot Dermatoses,Foot Dermatoses: diagnosis,Foot Dermatoses: drug therapy,Hand Dermatoses,Hand Dermatoses: diagnosis,Hand Dermatoses: drug therapy,Humans,Onychomycosis,Onychomycosis: diagnosis,Onychomycosis: drug therapy},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = nov,
number = {11},
pages = {875--9},
pmid = {20738460},
title = {{Today's treatments options for onychomycosis.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20738460},
volume = {8},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Qiao2010,
abstract = {Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective in the destruction of fungi. In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PDT for superficial mycoses, we performed an evidence-based review of published literature. Database of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library was searched until March 2010. English-language articles evaluating the efficacy and safety of PDT for superficial mycoses were included. No randomized clinical trials were found. Seven reports described the antifungal effect of PDT against 63 superficial mycoses patients. Eight of 10 (80\%) tinea cruris patients and 6 of 10 (60\%) tinea pedis were led to mycological cure after 1-3 treatments. Unfortunately, only 4 (40\%) tinea cruris patients and 3 (30\%) tinea pedis had a persist healing at the 8-week follow-up. Six of the 9 (66.7\%) foot-interdigital mycoses patients recovered clinically and microbiologically after 1 or 4 treatments. Only 2 patients (22.2\%) had a persist healing at the 8-week follow-up. Eleven of 30 (36.6\%) onychomycosis patients were cure for 18 months after treatment, and 3 onychomycosis patients were all cure in other 2 reports. The therapeutic effect of PDT for one pityriasis versicolor patients was well. Overall tolerability of PDT was good. Therefore, it is unclear what PDT's place for superficial mycoses will be. Further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of PDT to treat superficial mycoses. It is also important to optimize treatment protocols in order to cope with recurrence.},
author = {Qiao, Jianjun and Li, Ruoyu and Ding, Yingguo and Fang, Hong},
doi = {10.1007/s11046-010-9325-2},
file = {:home/wojtek/.local/share/data/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Qiao et al. - 2010 - Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of superficial mycoses an evidence-based evaluation.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1104601093252},
issn = {1573-0832},
journal = {Mycopathologia},
keywords = {Adult,Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Clinical Trials as Topic,Dermatomycoses,Dermatomycoses: therapy,Humans,Middle Aged,Photochemotherapy,Photochemotherapy: adverse effects,Photochemotherapy: methods,Photosensitizing Agents,Photosensitizing Agents: administration \& dosage,Photosensitizing Agents: adverse effects,Treatment Outcome},
mendeley-groups = {Onychomycosis laser},
month = nov,
number = {5},
pages = {339--43},
pmid = {20526681},
title = {{Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of superficial mycoses: an evidence-based evaluation.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20526681},
volume = {170},
year = {2010}
}