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\bibitem{krishnamoorthy1999vertical}  A.~V.~Krishnamoorthy, L.~M.~F.~Chirovsky, W.~S.~Hobson, R.~E.~Leibenguth, S.~P.~Hui, G.~J.~Zydzik, K.~W.~Goossen, J.~D.~Wynn, B.~J.~Tseng, J.~Lopata \emph{et~al.}, ``Vertical-cavity  surface-emitting lasers flip-chip bonded to gigabit-per-second CMOS  circuits,'' \emph{Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE}, vol.~11, no.~1, pp.  128--130, 1999.  \bibitem{mathine1996reduction}  D.~L.~Mathine, H.~Nejad, D.~R.~Allee, R.~Droopad, and G.~Maracas, ``Reduction of the  thermal impedance of VCSEL's after integration with copper substrates,'' \emph{Applied physics letters},  vol.~69, no.~4, pp. 463--464, 1996.  \bibitem{yeh1994integration}  H.-J.~J. Yeh and J.~S. Smith, ``Integration of GaAs vertical-cavity surface  emitting laser on Si by substrate removal,'' \emph{Applied physics letters},  vol.~64, no.~12, pp. 1466--1468, 1994.  \bibitem{krishnamoorthy200016}  A.~V.~Krishnamoorthy, K.~W.~Goossen, L.~M.~F.~Chirovsky, R.~G.~Rozier, P.~Chandramani, W.~S.~Hobson, S.~P.~Hui, J.~Lopata, J.~A.~Walker, and L.~A~.D'Asaro, ``16 x 16 VCSEL array flip-chip  bonded to CMOS VLSI circuit,'' \emph{Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE},  vol.~12, no.~8, pp. 1073--1075, 2000.  \bibitem{hofmann20091}  W.~Hofmann, M.~Muller, G.~Bohm, M.~Ortsiefer, and M.-C. Amann, ``1.55-um VCSEL  with enhanced modulation bandwidth and temperature range,'' \emph{Photonics  Technology Letters, IEEE}, vol.~21, no.~13, pp. 923--925, 2009.  \bibitem{chen2008fabrication}  X.~Chen, C.~Li, and H.~K. Tsang, ``Fabrication-tolerant waveguide chirped  grating coupler for coupling to a perfectly vertical optical fiber,''  \emph{Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE}, vol.~20, no.~23, pp. 1914--1916,  2008.