Kenneth Fortino edited Introduction.tex  almost 8 years ago

Commit id: 7390f89da4865e3f361d9149ec430bf817a4d560

deletions | additions      

       

The direct input of DOC can dominate the terrestrial subsidies in many aquatic systems \cite{Rich_1978,wetzel_1984,CITE} but POC inputs, mainly in the form of leaf litter can substantially augment aquatic organic matter pools \cite{Wetzel_1972,Hodkinson_1975,GASITH_1976,Rich_1978,Wallace_1999,Mehring_2014}. During the process of leaf litter decomposition in aquatic systems, leaves supply distinct subsidies to aquatic systems \cite{Gessner_1999,Marcarelli_2011}. Up to 30\% of the initial mass of leaves can be leached as DOC \cite{CITE,Meyer_1998,Duan_2014}, although large initial DOC fluxes from dried leaves may be an artifact of the drying process (CITE). This supply of DOC is an important component of aquatic organic matter budgets \cite{McDowell_1976,Karlsson_2007} and has been shown to alter the abundance \cite{Bott_1984,Fey_2015} and function \cite{MCCONNELL_1968,Bernhardt_2002} of aquatic microbial communities. Furthermore, DOC subsidies processed through the microbial loop can support metazoan production \cite{Hall_1998,Wilcox_2005,Fey_2015b}. Leaf mass can be transferred directly to the biomass of shredding animals via consumption of the leaf material \cite{Gessner_1999}. The biomass of aquatic invertebrate \cite{Kobayashi} and vertebrate \cite{Rubbo_2008} consumers. Following a 3-year litter exclusion, \cite{Wallace_1999} found a significant reduction in the biomass of stream invertebrate consumers.   During decomposition, leaf litter can alter the chemical and physical environment of aquatic substrata. Mineralization of leaf organic matter by microbial or animal consumers, will result in the release of inorganic nutrients and CO\textsubscript{2} \cite{CITE}.  %The most well described examples of the way in which terrestrial POC subsidies support aquatic food webs comes from forested streams, where the input of leaf litter (POC) maintain secondary production \cite{wallaceetal_1999} but even streams with high autochthonous production \cite{Mineau_2012} and urbanized streams \cite{Duan_2014} respond to alterations in leaf litter inputs. Dissolved organic carbon inputs into streams have received less attention than POC subsidies but DOC subsidies are an important component of stream organic matter budgets \cite{McDowell_1976} and have been shown to alter the abundance \cite{Bott_1984} and function \cite{Bernhardt_2002} of stream microbial communities. Furthermore, DOC subsidies processed through the microbial loop can support metazoan production \cite{Hall_1998,Wilcox_2005}.