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Kenneth Fortino edited MethodsLab.tex
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For the litter experiment, the sieved sediment slurry was homogenized and allowed to settle overnight. The overlaying water was siphoned off and 100 ml of sediment was added to each of the 300 ml BOD bottles. The bottles were then carefully filled with approximately 200 ml of pond water (with or without added nutrients, see below), taking care not to disturb the sediments. For the leached litter and leached litter SOD experiments, 100 ml and 150 ml, respectively of the sediment slurry was added to the bottles without allowing it to settle first. The bottles were then topped off with pond water and allowed to settle overnight. The overlying water in each of the bottles was then siphoned off and replaced with pond water. In the leached litter SOD experiment, the overlying water was replaced 2 times. The microcosms for the leaf litter only treatment of the leached litter experiment were simply filled with pond water.
For all three experiments pond water was collected near the center of the lake from just below the surface. The pond water used for the litter experiment, leached litter experiment was collected on 9 June 2014 and 17 September 2015 respectively. The pond water for the leached litter SOD experiment was collected on 29 January 2016, 4 Febuary 2016, and 10 Febuary 2016. The water collected on 4 Febuary 2016 was used to replace some of the overlying water during the microcosm set--up but it was turbid due to a recent rain, so the water collected on 10 Febuary 2016 was used as the replacement water for all the sampling.
The pond water used to replace the microcosm water after sampling was stored in the dark at room temperature for the duration of the experiment.
passed through a on May 29, 2014, . Two dredge samples In all the experiments the microcosms were
collected from randomly assigned treatment combinations. To create microcosms with added leaf litter, we added 20, 10 mm disks punched with a
depth of 0.4 m and another 2 dredge samples were collected \# 5 cork borer from
a depth senescent tulip poplar leaves collected in the fall of
1 m. The sediments from each location 2013 (collection described above). In the litter experiement, the leaves were
combined and sieved through a 250 µm mesh net were softened in deionized water for approximately 5 minutes prior to
remove macroinvertebrates and CPOM. The material retained by punching. In the
nets was dried at 50\textsuperscript{o} C leached litter and
ashed at 550\textsuperscript{o} C leached litter SOD experiment, the leaves were leached in approximately 10 L of deionized water in the dark for
4 72 h
prior to
determine punching. In the
AFDM of litter experiment, the
CPOM in nutrient enriched treatments were created by enriching the
pond. The pond water
for added to those bottles with 300 $\mu$g L\textsuperscript{-1} of DIN in the
microcosms was collected from form of NH\textsubscript{4}NO\textsubscript{3} and 30 $\mu$g L\textsuperscript{-1} of DIP in the
pond at 0.5 m on June 9, 2014 by submerging 1 L plastic bottles. form of PO\textsubscript{4}.
The sieved sediment slurry was homogenized In the litter experiment and
allowed to settle overnight. The overlaying water was siphoned off leached litter experiment, the microcosms were incubated in the dark, at room temperature and
100 agitated gently on a rocker-shaker. In the leached litter SOD experiment, the microcosms were incubated in the dark at 15.5\textsuperscript{o} C in a INCUBATOR. Between sampling events (described below) 15 ml of
sediment the overlying water was
added to each of removed from the
300 ml BOD bottles. The bottles
and the tops were
then carefully filled with approximately 200 ml of pond water (with or without added nutrients, see below), taking care not removed to
disturb the sediments. permit gas exchange.
The microcosms were randomly assigned treatment combinations. To create microcosms with added leaf litter, we added 20, 10 mm disks punched from senescent tulip poplar leaves collected in In the
fall of 2013 (collection described above) with a \# 5 cork borer, to randomly selected microcosms. Prior to punching the leaf discs the leaves were softened in deionized water for approximately 5 minutes. Nutrient enriched treatments were created by enriching litter experiment and the
pond water added to those bottles with 300 $\mu$g L\textsuperscript{-1} of DIN in leached litter SOD experiment, the
form of NH\textsubscript{4}NO\textsubscript{3} and 30 $\mu$g L\textsuperscript{-1} organic matter content of
DIP in the
form of PO\textsubscript{4}.
The microcosms
were incubated in the dark, at
room temperature and agitated gently on a rocker-shaker. Between sampling (described below) 15 ml the beginning of the
overlying water experiment was
removed estimated from
5, 10 ml samples of the
bottles sediment slurry, and
5 samples of 20 randomly selected leaf discs. In the
tops were removed to permit gas exchange.
The leached litter experiment the initial organic matter content of the
sediment and leaves in the microcosms was estimated from
5, 10 ml 4 replicate samples of
the sediment
slurry, and
5 randomly selected leaf
discs. discs, rather than 5. These organic matter samples were placed into pre-weighed crucibles, dried at 50\textsuperscript{o} C, and then ashed at 550\textsuperscript{o} C to determine the mass of organic matter.
The initial C:N of the sediments and leaf discs in the leached litter experiment was determined from 2 replicate samples of 20 leaves dried at 50\textsuperscript{o} C.