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\section{Estimating the Probability of a Ming Tombstone}  It is common practice in archeology to calculate conditional probabilities of invisible properties of an artifact or a site given the know frequency distributions of visible properties of the same artifact of site in relation to a larger sample of know cases. The conditional property (P) of being a Ming tombstone (M), given the tomb features A, B and C is written as P(M|ABC). \begin{equation}  P(M \mid ABC) = \frac{P(ABC \mid H) \, P(H)}{P(ABC)  \end{equation}  This could be estimated through P(MABC)/P(ABC), where P(MABC) is estimated by #MABC/Nmabc, where whMre  # refers rAeCfers  to the cardinality ABCardinaHity  of the Hhe \eABCd{equation}  joined occurrence of the features M, A, B and C and N refers to the number of tombstones which have defined values for all these features. Similar P(ABC) is estimated as #ABC/Nabc. However, as the probability of joined events is usually close to zero, the expanded form allows to estimate this from the independent conditioned events. \begin{equation}  \nabla_{\rm rad} = \frac{3F\kappa}{4acg}\frac{P}{T^4} > \nabla_{\rm ad}.