Erik Tollerud edited introduction.tex  about 9 years ago

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Specifically, the dwarf galaxies around the MW/M31 show a strikingly sharp and nearly complete transition in their properties within $\approx 300 \kpc$ (approximately the virial radius, $\rvir$, of the MW or M31), from irregular to spheroidal morphologies, from having most of their baryonic mass in cold atomic gas to having little-to-no measured cold gas, and from actively star-forming to quiescent.  This trend has just a few exceptions: 4 gas-rich, star-forming galaxies persist within the halos of the MW (the LMC and SMC) and M31 (LGS 3 and IC 10), and 4 - 5 quiescent, gas-poor galaxies reside well beyond $\rvir$ of either the MW or M31: Cetus \citep{Lewis2007}, Tucana \citep{Fraternali2009}, KKR 25 \citep{Makarov2012}, KKs 3 \citep{Karachentsev2015}, and possibly Andromeda XVIII, though Cetus and Tucana may have orbited within the MW halo \citep{Teyssier2012}.  This efficient satellite quenching is particularly striking because, other than KKR 25 and KKs 3, at $\mstar<10^9\msun$ all known galaxies that are sufficiently isolated ($>1500\kpc$ from a more massive galaxy) are star-forming \citep{Geha2012, Phillips2014}.  Thus, the MW and M31 halos show the stongest strongest  signal of environmental influence over their satellites of any known systems, and the LG is a compelling laboratory for studying environmental processes on galaxies. Several such processes within a host halo can regulate the gas content, star formation, morphology, and eventual disruption of satellite galaxies, including gravitational tidal forces \citep[e.g.,][]{Dekel2003}, galaxy-galaxy interactions \citep[e.g.,][]{FaroukiShapiro1981} and mergers \citep[e.g.,][]{Deason2014a}, ram-pressure stripping of extended gas \citep[e.g.,][]{Larson1980, McCarthy2008} or of cold inter-stellar medium \citep[e.g.,][]{GunnGott1972, Tonnesen2009}, some of which may be assisted by stellar feedback within the satellite \citep[e.g.,][]{BaheMcCarthy2015}.  %tidal shocking and resonant interactions with the host \citep[e.g.,][]{Mayer2001,DOnghia2010},