Hans Moritz Günther edited jets_x ray.tex  almost 10 years ago

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\subsection{X-ray emission from stellar jets}  \label{sect:introxray}  Yet, in some jets from CTTS there is evidence for another, more energetic, component. The best studied case is DG~Tau that was the target of several shorter \emph{Chandra} exposures in 2004, 2005, and 2006 and a large program in 2010 \citep{2005ApJ...626L..53G,2008A&A...478..797G,2011ASPC..448..617G}. These observations showed X-ray emission from three distinct regions: First, weak and soft emission from the jet is resolved several hundred AU from the star itself. Second, hard emission from the central star is observed with stellar flares as seen on many other young and active stars. Since the star itself is embedded in circumstellar material, the stellar soft X-ray emission is expected to be completely absorbed. However, soft X-rays very close to the star are observed; they are emitted in a region about 30-40~AU above the plane of the accretion disk. The centroid of the spatial distribution of soft X-rays is consistent with a position on the jet axis 30-40~AU from the star, but the uncertainties on the position would also allow an off-axis emission region \citep{2008A&A...488L..13S}. The luminosity and temperature of this inner emission region are remarkably stable over one decade. The maximum change observed is about 25\,\% \citep{SchneiderDGTauXray}.  DG~Tau is the best observed case, but a similar scenario probably applies to other jet launching young stars, e.g.\ \object{HH 154} also shows an inner, stationary X-ray component and additional emission in the knots \citep{2010A&A...511A..42B,2011A&A...530A.123S}.