Nelson Fernández edited Results.tex  over 10 years ago

Commit id: b2036ad53557b9304156b075fb20f23715411b7a

deletions | additions      

       

By lake, we can observe that Ar and NL were in the high category and NH and T were in the fair category. In terms of dispersion T >Ar>NH>NL (Fig.**).  Parametric multiple comparison by means of the  test of Tukey shows that, in terms of average complexity, physic-chemical and limiting nutrients did not have significance differences (p= 0.85; p>0.05) while biomass has significance differences with the other two subsystems (*p<0.05). On the other hand, ANOVA test shows that there are not significance differences among complexity of lakes in the Ar-T transect (p>0.05). In ecological terms, the dynamics observed at NL point in the transect Ar-T could be estimates as a complexity ecotone or “complextone”(tone, from the Greek tonos or tension). That means that NL point could be considered as a “physical transition zone” for complexity values among lakes in a latitudinal gradient. Consequently for some variables therein subsystems it is estimates that it could be to represents diverse complexity ecoclines or “complexcline” (cline from Greek: κλίνω "to possess or exhibit gradient, to lean"), due their complexity variation. For example for biomass, we can that there is a biocline in the transect Ar-T and in particular for cyanobacteria at the planktonic zone (PCy) we can name a complex cyanocline. 

\subsection{Autopoiesis}  There are two ways for observing autopoiesis. The first one is the autopoiesis of the each variable. each variable.  Variables with more complexity than other have a positive autopoiesis reflecting more autonomy. Variables with low complexity than other have negative autopoiesis, reflecting less autonomy. Results of autopoiesis by variable in each subsystem can subsystem can  be seen in annex **. In general, variables in categories of very categories of very  high and high complexity, have more autopoiesis resulting as more autonomous; that means they have more capacity of adaptation in front the changes of their environment wich is constituted by the other environment which is constituted by the other  subsystem variables. The second one form of determine autopoiesis is among variables of different subsystems, according with the matter-energy flux in ecosystems. It is well-know that photosynthetic living beings depending of solar radiation and nutrients availability as the base for its metabolism process. Also, zooplankton depending of grazing phytoplankton populations. Starting from complexity values of selected variables of Physico-Chemical, Limiting Nutrients and Biomass showed in the  table **, we we compare autopoiesis of biomass related wiht with  the their physico-chemical Physico-chemical  and limiting nutrients environment. Values of biomass for planktonic and benthic zone are depicted in fig. **.From table ** we notice that biomass in T is near to zero in plaktonic zone and zero in benthic zone. It means that tropical biommass is almost static as we can verified in their very-high categoy of self-organization. Implies that any pattern in complexity can be observed in biomass as result of the influence of its enviroment which is represented by its physico-chemical and limiting nutrients subsystem. This case gives a minimal autopoiesis for all comparisons carried out with the trajectories of biommas in tropical lake.   Positive values of autopoiesis (A>1) is reached by photosintethic living beings located at the benthic zone of Ar,NH and NL in front of physico-chemical and limiting nutrients. Also A>1 is reached by biomass/limiting nutrients of plaktonic zone at Ar and NH and by biomass/Physico-Chemical of planktonic zone of NL.   In terms of the Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety(Ashby, 1956), photosinthetic biomass in Polar and Template latituds have more variety than its environment. More variety is related wiht a more number of states to face on environmental changes. Varieyt is the result of very high complexity and could be reflecting as more biomass autonomy.  From the table **, we notice that biomass in T is near to zero in planktonic zone and zero in the benthic zone. It means that tropical biomass is almost static. We can verify this with their very-high category of self-organization obtained. This Implies that any pattern in complexity can be observed in biomass as the result of the influence of its environment which is represented by its Physico-chemical and limiting nutrients subsystem. This case gives a minimal autopoiesis for all comparisons carried out with the trajectories of biomass in tropical lake.  Values of A>1 were reached by photosynthetic living beings located at the benthic zone of Ar,NH and NL in front of Physico-chemical and limiting nutrients. Also, A>1 was reached by biomass/limiting nutrients of planktonic zone at Ar and NH and by biomass/Physico-Chemical of planktonic zone of NL. In terms of the Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety(Ashby, 1956), photosynthetic biomass in Polar and Template latitudes have more variety than its environment. More variety is related with a more number of states to face on environmental changes. Variety is the result of very high complexity and could be reflecting as more autonomy of the taxa therein. ***Verify species richness***  The remaining cases of biomass, obtain values less than one (A<1) and were related with their response in front of Physico-chemical in the planktonic zone of Ar and NH. Also NL biomass response in front of limiting nutrient at the same zone obtain A<1. This values between 0.72 and 0.98 shows that their environment changes more than the populations of photosynthetic living beings. As we can see, the weak or almost fair lake-specific response of the biomass, suggest that speciesinvolved in this subsystem could be affected in a high proportion in case of strong change events.  However, for life sustaining living beings should be more autonomous than their environment. This means that On  the variables related to living systems should have a greater complexity than the variables related to their environment (Fernández et al., 2014). Our experiments carried out shows that...     It is important to highligh that there is a dependence gradient: Zooplanktonic Population->Phytoplaktonic Populations->solar radiation....       ...In terms base  of autopoiesis, the autonomy of the biomass at the tropic demonstrates above findings, we thought  that this subsystem could be affected relationships evaluated  in major proportions biomass of different lakes might be evaluated  in case the context  of climatic change events. environmental variability.  \subsection{Homeostasis}