jBillou edited Introduction.tex  about 9 years ago

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%\textit{General introduction on the circadian clock and cell cycle; synch between two oscillators }  The circadian clock and the cell cycle oscillators represent two cellular processes having a period in the range of one day.   At the single-cell level, the circadian rhythm is carried out by a network of transcriptional and translational feedback loops that drive rhythmic expression of genes with a period of about 24 hours \cite{Buhr_2013}. This cell autonomous rhythm is self-sustained \cite{19956762} and is considered to temporally orchestrate many important cell physiological processes such as metabolism \cite{19286518} \cite{23303907}, redox balance(ref)  and chromatin conformation \cite{24056944} (ref), (I have to find other phisiological Processes). \cite{24056944}.  The cell cycle can also be considered as a periodic process lasting on the order of one day in dividing mammalian cells \cite{19270522}. Consequently, is reasonable to expect that, when circadian and cell cycles run in parallel in the same cell, their coupling could lead to synchronization, also called mode-locking. This phenomenon is defined by a rational winding number (p:q) such that p cycles of one oscillator are completed while the other completes q cycyles \cite{11258383}.   One-to-one (1:1) mode-locking of oscillators corresponds to a synchronization where two coupled oscillators oscillate with a common frequency.