Eunseo Choi edited untitled.tex  over 8 years ago

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\caption{Seismic wave speeds and elastic constants for the Baekdu magma chamber}   \end{table}  An The above described geometries are discretized into an  unstructured mesh of tetrahedrais constructed through discretization of the above described geometries  (Fig. XXb). Theoverall  element edge length is about 5 km but around the explosion site and the magma chamber, it is reduced down to ~0.2 km. km (Fig. XXc).  The monitoring points are set at the locations corresponding to the relative coordinates of DNH and YNB stations with respect to the explosion site (Fig. XXb). site. DNH is at about 210 km NNW and YNB at about 160 km NNE from the test site.  Displacement time series recorded solutions interpolated  at those points are compared with the nuclear test-generated ground motions at the two stations. The stresses are initially zero everywhere in the domain and the gravitational body force is not considered. These conditions are suitable to this study's purpose of estimating only dynamic stress changes. Absorbing boundary conditions are applied to all the boundaries except the top boundary, which is a free surface, and the boundary for explosion.  A nuclear explosion is approximated by time-dependent normal tractions applied on the surface of a 1 km-radius sphere carved out of the crust. crust(Fig. XXc).  The hollow sphere is at the center of the domain and buried at the depth of 2 km. The actual explosion must have occurred at a shallower depth but we used this geometry to prevent the mesh around the explosion site from being refined too much. The magnitude of normal traction is spatially uniform over the spherical boundary but varies in time. The magnitude is 0 Pa from 0 to 0.1 sec, linearly increases to 64 MPa from 0.1 to 2.1 sec and linearly decreases to 0 Pa from 2.1 to 4.1 sec. It remains at 0 Pa afterwards. The maximum magnitude and time variation are adjusted such that model outputs can reasonably fit waveforms recorded at the seismic stations, DNH and YNB (Fig. XX) in terms of the magnitude and duration. \subsection{Results}  The waveforms at the monitoring points are shown in Fig. XXa.