deletions | additions       diff --git a/Results_knockdown.tex b/Results_knockdown.tex  index bbfede6..006df0a 100644  --- a/Results_knockdown.tex  +++ b/Results_knockdown.tex 
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We next asked whether the increased sleep phenotype of \emph{DmCa\textsubscript{v}3\textsuperscript{Gal4}} flies can be attributed to the function of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 in the brain.  Pan-neuronal knockdown of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 (\emph{elav-gal4>UAS-DmCa\textsubscript{v}3-IR) increases sleep beyond that of heterozygous controls under both LD and DD conditions (Fig \ref{fig:5}).  Using the drug-inducible GeneSwitch-Gal4 technique\cite{Osterwalder:2001cl}, we asked whether DmCa\textsubscript{v}3's influence on sleep occurs during development or whether it is limited to its expression in the adult brain.  DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 knock-down using \emph{Elav-GeneSwitch(GS)-Gal4 increases sleep in continuous darkness when compared to non-induced controls (Fig.\ref{fig:S4}).  This suggests the sleep phenotype of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3-null mutants are unlikely due to developmental defects.  We also examined whether adult stage-specific knock-down of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 induces increased sleep.  DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 knock-down by drug-inducible pan-neuronal gal4 driver (\emph{Elav-GeneSwitch(GS)-gal4}) increased sleep in DD compared Next, we sought  to drug unfed control (Fig.\ref{fig:S4}), suggesting sleep phenotype narrow down the sleep-regulating role  of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3mutants are not due  to the developmental defect.  Next, we wondered if any a  specific brain area is responsible for sleep regulating role of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3. region or circuit.  We knock downed DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 using broad used a range of  neuronal gal4 drivers as well as specific gal4 Gal4  drivers that coverpreviously  known sleep regulating centers.  None centers to knockdown DmCa\textsubscript{v}3, but none  of these gal4-driven knock-down them were capable  of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 induced altering  sleepincrease  (Fig. \ref{fig:S4}), suggesting \ref{fig:S4}).  This suggests  DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 may function in previously unknown circuits or function in more broad area that any specific gal4 lines used did not cover. novel sleep circuits.