deletions | additions       diff --git a/Results_electrophys.tex b/Results_electrophys.tex  index 3b6ca92..f278202 100644  --- a/Results_electrophys.tex  +++ b/Results_electrophys.tex 
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To directly compare the biophysical properties of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 and mammalian T-type Ca\textsuperscript{2+} channel homolog under the same conditions, we expressed rat Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1 subunit of which biophysical properties were previously reported in the expression system\cite{9495342}.  Compared to Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1, DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 had a similar low-voltage threshold (around \textminus60 mV) for activation, although the averaged value is slightly lower by 3\sim 4 mV.  The current traces of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 and Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1 were activated and then inactivated during serial step pulses from a holding potential of \textminus90 mV, producing transient current kinetics with the inactivation kinetics of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 currents being likely to be slightly slower than those of Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1 currents.  The activation and inactivation kinetics of currents through DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 was accelerated as the higher step pulses were applied, producing a criss-crossing pattern (\ref{fig:Fig._1}a), (\ref{fig:1}a),  a typical T-type Ca\textsuperscript{2+} channel kinetics. Analysis of current-voltage (I-V) relationships showed that V\textsubscript{50,act} for half-maximal activation and slope factor (k) of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 channel are \textminus43.32 $\pm$ 1.38 mV and 7.74 $\pm$ 1.33, while those of Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1 are \textminus38.92 $\pm$ 0.99 and 6.35 $\pm$ 0.94 (Fig. \ref{fig:1}a).  These results suggest that DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 can be activated more negative potential than Ca\textsubscript{v}3.1 by 4.4 mV.  Taken together, the biophysical properties of DmCa\textsubscript{v}3 including activation threshold of about \textminus60 mV, formation of maximal current amplitude at \textminus20 mV, transient current kinetics, a criss-crossing pattern by currents evoked by a voltage protocol for I-V are very similar to the hallmark properties of native T-type Ca\textsuperscript{2+} channels as well as cloned channels\cite{9495342, 6087159, 9670923, 10066244}. 
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