Abstract

This paper describes the historical trajectory of video conferencing systems, spanning from their earlier mechanical and analog origins in the 1920s to the sophisticated IP-based services delivered from the cloud in the 2020s. Each technological age is examined, highlighting the technical and functional aspects that characterized its evolution. Commercial landmarks of each age are presented providing a comprehensive overview of the most prominent offerings at pivotal moments in the timeline. By examining the past and speculating on the future, this paper aims to provide a holistic understanding of the development, current state, and forthcoming trends in video conferencing technology.