Abstract
Pulsating aurora are common diffuse-like aurora that appear as widely
varying patches that blink on and off with periods up to 20 seconds.
Rocket and incoherent scatter radar studies have suggested that energies
of the responsible electrons are higher than other auroral types.
However, there has yet to be a statistical study concerning the
quantitative energy content of pulsating aurora. In this work, we
analyzed the energy spectrum from 55 events. We obtained this by
inverting the electron density profile as measured by the Poker Flat
Incoherent Scatter Radar. We compared this to magnetic local time (MLT),
AE index, and temporal proximity to substorm onset. There was a small
propensity for higher energy fluxes between 2 and 4 MLT, but a stronger
trend in relation to both temporal substorm proximity and AE index. We
found that with rising AE, the average energy flux increased from 0.56
mW/m^2 for AE <= 200 to 2.24 mW/m^2 for an AE index
> 600. Associated, is a spectral hardening where
>= 30 keV electrons contribute 13% and 55% respectively.
There was also an increase in total energy flux associated with closer
temporal proximity to a substorm, although the higher energies remained
present for approximately an hour. Our results confirm the high energy
nature of pulsating aurora, demonstrate the connection to substorms, and
imply their importance to coupling between the magnetosphere and
atmosphere.