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Postseismic backslip as a response to a sequential elastic rebound of upper plate and slab in subduction zones
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  • Ehsan Kosari,
  • Matthias Rosenau,
  • Thomas Ziegenhagen,
  • Onno Oncken
Ehsan Kosari
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Matthias Rosenau
GFZ Potsdam, GFZ Potsdam, GFZ Potsdam
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Thomas Ziegenhagen
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
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Onno Oncken
GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam
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Abstract

An earthquake-induced stress drop on a megathrust instigates different responses on the upper plate and slab. We mimic homogenous and heterogeneous megathrust interfaces at the laboratory scale to monitor the strain relaxation on the two elastically non-identical plates by establishing analog velocity weakening and strengthening materials. A sequential elastic rebound follows the coseismic shear-stress drop in our elastic-frictional models: a fast rebound of the upper plate and the delayed and smaller rebound on the slab. A combination of the delayed rebound of the slab and the rapid relaxation of the upper plate after an elastic overshooting may accelerate the relocking of the megathrust. This acceleration triggers/antedates the failure of a nearby asperity and enhances the early backslip in the rupture area. Consequently, the trench-normal rearward displacement in the upper plate may reach a significant amount of the entire interseismic backslip and speeds up the stress build-up on upper plate faults.